SLY GROG

EDITORIAL

It has often been asserted by us, by the miners, and in fact by every unprejudiced person on the goldfield, that the administration of the law in our police court is capable of very great improvement. The grounds for this general complaint has received a further confirmation by the proceedings connected with the sly-grog prosecutions that have filled the Police Court with a large audience almost daily during the past week, and afforded them lessons in human frailty that will not be readily forgotten.

The offence of sly grog selling is one that, despite all legislation, exists in every part of the Colony. It exists the in the metropolis, in the most obscure of pastoral locality, and flourishes luxuriantly on goldfields. It has defied the most ingenious efforts of the Parliament and Police to "wipe it out." It seems that it is an offensive against the revenue laws that, like dummying under the Land Act, cannot be eradicated. Such being its peculiarities, it may not be quite a waste of time if we briefly consider the effect that enforcing the provisions of the Publican's Act has upon the public morality, and also whether these so called prosecution's are calculated to suppress the offence and purge our social life. We have watched the development of sly grog selling on the goldfields in all it various phases, and unhesitatingly assert that the present mode is not in any way calculated to "prevent the growth of this social evil."

Sly grog selling on the goldfields differs in many points from the same trade in townships. When a rush takes place to some uninhabited locality where no licensed vendors of grog have a "local habitation or a name", there comes with the influx of miners the camp followers or providers who supply their many wants. One of the wants of the horny-handed sons of toil is strong drink. The cumbrous character of our revenue laws prevent licenses for the retail of fermented and spirituous liquors being obtained promptly. A pretentious building providing specified accommodation has first to be erected, then a month's notice has to be given, then attendance at a Court of Petty Sessions is compulsory, and at last all the forms are gone through and the applicant is duly authorised to sell grog by paying the annual licence fee of £30.

Now why all this delay should occur in obtaining a publicans licence on a goldfield has ever appeared to us absurd. It practically holds out inducements for the creation and support of unlicensed vendors of alcohol. Those who love strong drink, either as a vice or a social custom will not wait until licensed houses are in existence for its sale, but will drink it and pay for it wherever they can obtain it. It is thus "shanties" are erected and fostered. When licensed houses become prolific in numbers, they do not, to any material extent, injure the shanty, because a connection having been made, the customers of the unlicensed vendor cling to their old love, despite the attractions of the licensed rival. If some ready mode existed by which spirit licenses at a reduced fee - say £15 , could be issued on a new goldfield, after a short notice of application, say one week, and by which the necessity for providing hotel accommodation could be extended for, say 6 months, the old offence of sly grog selling would become reduced to a minimum, and that public benefit be conferred by bringing the places under the surveillance of the Police. It is the delay, the costly building, and the high licence fee that creates shanties, and such being the case - which no experience person will deny - the law to be effective should be adapted to these proven facts. We care not how severe the punishment may be for sly grog selling, it will, under the present mode of licensing houses, exist, in spite of Police, informants, and temperance loving justices.

The manner in which the recent batch of sly grog prosecutions has been conducted was deserving of the severest condemnation. The guilt of the unfortunate defendant was considered as a matter of course, by all in anyway, concerned in the administration of the law. The witnesses and the defendants, no matter how numerous or respectable, were disbelieved, and that of two wretched bipeds, who had a pecuniary interests in swearing strongly and positively, was accepted as gospel truth. It is something repulsive to our ideas of holding the scales of Justice evenly, that persons charged with keeping a shanty, known to be such by repute, to the Police, and patronised as such by them, is allowed to exist for months, and then suddenly are summoned for the unauthorised vendors of spirit. We denounce most emphatically such conduct, as an outraged upon decency and morality. When these offenders appear before the Bench they are insulted, insinuations are heaped upon them freely, their witnesses are called perverts of the truth, and most unfeeling remarks are made upon their persons, vocation, and habits. One sapient justice had the ignorant audacity to sit upon the judgment seat and say "that he had made up his mind to fine them all," and while not a total abstainer himself, preached what he does not practice. We protest in the name of justice against such persons being privileged to fine and confine helpless women, without giving their cases serious and impartial consideration. If two common informants, who have a direct interest in proving their charge, are to be believed before 6 witnesses for the defence, we say that it is contrary to British Law, to common sense, and universal justice. We will take the case of the woman Sarah Walker, whose defence did, in the mind of any unprejudiced hearer, fully rebut the informants evidence, yet she was fined £30 and costs. No wonder the very learned gentleman - Dr Belinfante - who appeared for her, and did his duty ably and eloquently should explain, "Your Worships, I'll not call witnesses in these cases any more, you may fine them and I will appeal." It is painful to hear such strong language uttered by a professional gentleman, who has been taught to look up to the administrators of the law with respect. His rebuke ought to be keenly felt by those to whom it was addressed; at all events, we earnestly hope it will not be forgotten. If the Police Magistrate, whom we believe to be an honest, conscientious gentleman, would cast aside his diffidence and assume his true position on the Bench, and make everyone, from his brother justices to the lowest creature in the court - the sly grog informer - feel that he is Chairman of the Bench of Magistrates. There would be none of the many mutterings heard that now prevail. Unless a change in the administration of the law is not soon inaugurated, we feel certain that there will be an outburst of the pent-up feelings of the aggrieved that will be long remembered.

The offence of sly grog selling is one that should not exist; nor would it with proper legislation. We have no sympathy with the offenders, who are as a body no better or no worse than their neighbours. If the licensed publican has to spend some hundreds in providing suitable hotel accommodation, pay a heavy licence fee, and can only sell within certain hours of the day, he should be adequately protected from the competition of sly grog vendors, who are under no such control or expense. But we demanded that when these offenders are summoned to a police court, they should not be dealt with in an exceptional manner. The law of evidence should be adhered to strictly; their quilt should not be assume, nor their conviction be decided upon before their evidence is heard. It is the non-observance of these judicial rules that creates for them a morbid popular sympathy, and dares them to again pursue their unauthorised occupation. We blame a lax police supervision for the development that sly grog selling has assumed on this goldfield.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 49, 20 January 1872

WOMEN ON THE GOLDFIELD

NEWS ITEMS

1871 - [SLY GROG]

At stump orators say, our society has been shook to its centre during the whole week by the raid made by the firm of Ephraim Lhobeth and Co., [euphonious named firm] ‘‘revenue protectors and public morals vindicators” on all decent married women on the gold-field who try to make an honest penny by catering for the thirsty miners by giving him a drop of sly grog. No less than sixteen of these generous hearted, but illicit vendors of grog, have had to put in an appearance before their worships in Mudgee and there was no little excitement when this large detachment of beauty and fashion of Gulgong arrived at the Temple of Justice on Monday. Some became overpowered by the heat, their Worships taking pity on the fairer sex adjourned the case till Wednesday. Meanwhile when Ephraim approached he was given a ‘piece of the minds’ of some of the friends of the ladies in question.

Sly Grog Selling.

• William Drew - a Storekeeper at Gulgong – charged by Charles Bowyer, with Ephriam Lhobeth and John Petherick. Thomas Shaw, miner gave evidence for the defence - fined 30/-
• Eleanor Ward – charged by Charles Bowyer. Withdrawn.
• Mary Ann Whitfield – Charles Bowyer informant again, Catherine Hayward mentioned – dismissed.
• Mary Wall of Black Lead, Restaurant Keeper, her husband lives there, with same offence - again Charles Bowyer informant with Robert Welsh - fined £30.
• Elizabeth Clairmont – has a store on Black Lead charged as above, again Charles Bowyer.
• Catherine Wales same as above, Bowyer stated that Welsh was very fond of grog and would go anywhere for a drink - usual fine.
• Agnes Lloyd charged as a above, Lloyd is her maiden name, married name Mears – withdrawn.
• Jane Casilian charged as above this time Ephriam Lhobeth [Frenchman], James Parker and Charles Bowyer, in her own home Gulgong. Vincent Casilian and Italian ‘I keep no other drink but abscyth’
• Assault & Sly Grog - Sarah Walker with striking Charles Bowyer – withdrawn.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 3, 4 March 1871

1871 - Lunacy

A woman named Margaret Stack aged 33 years from Gulgong was brought up before the PM and H. Tebutt for examination, Drs. Cutting and Rowling assisted, the poor creature was sent to the Receiving House Darlinghurst, for further medical treatment.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 8, 8 April 1871

1871 - [SLY GROG]

On Tuesday last our sympathies were keenly outraged by seeing a number of decent married women with their respective olive branches being gallantly escorted by ‘our guardians in blue’ to Tarrant’s coach, en route to Mudgee goal, there to expiate - of a £30 for sly grog selling viz., three months board and residence in that country retreat. While we do not agree with the sale of illicit grog, it does repulse us to see that a woman having a husband, should with her young innocent children, be sent to goal for 3 months for an offence that is allowed to develop with the knowledge, and often the patronage of those whose duty it is to prevent it.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 8, 8 April 1871

1871 - OLD AND DESTITUTE

Isabella Brady a poor worn out old woman who was brought up on charges of being without visible support was given one month in Mudgee gaol for her protection and medical treatment. 

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 13, 13 May 1871

1871 - POLIC COURT

Assault - Mary Madigan married woman, appeared in court with a child in her arms, charged a man named Kane with assaulting her the previous evening. Kane was drinking with her husband at their house, Kane knocked the husband down. John Hackester gave evidence. Dismissed.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 26, 12 August 1871

1871 - Serious Stabbing Affray - A husbands Revenge. 

At about 9pm on Sunday night last the residents in the upper part of Herbert Street were alarmed by hearing the shrieks of a woman proceeding from across the street at the rear of the new Joint Stock Bank. A crowd, attracted by the cries, proceeded to the spot, where is was found that a man named James Henry Bell had attacked his wife and a man named James Smith with whom she was cohabiting. Bell and his wife were married in February last, and have lived unhappily ever since. Bell had been charged before with threatening her and breaking up a sewing machine and sent to goal for one month. He had sold their dwelling and she had gone to Smith’s hut with her two children from a previous marriage. When released from goal, Bell discovered where is wife was and started to threaten her. On Sunday morning Bell met Smith in the street and stated he was starving and Smith gave him half a crown. Ten minutes later Bell arrived at Smith’s house armed with a tomahawk and a butchers knife, attacked Mrs. Bell, who received a wound to the forehead, stab wounds in the back and arm, she is near her confinement. Smith was stabbed in the lower abdomen and Bell himself had a blow with a tomahawk on the back of the head. Detectives Powell and Hannan arrested Bell, who has been remanded for 8 days. Dr. Ramsay attended the wounded, they are all on the way to a fair recovery.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 28, 26 August 1871

1871 - Road Side Shafts

There is an urgent necessity for the prompt enactment of some regulation by which shafts sunk within a certain distance of any road or footpath shall be protected against accidents by having an embankment or logs around the shafts, high enough to prevent people falling down them. The woman Helena Victor, who was killed on Monday morning last by falling down a shaft, would have escaped death had the mine been protected as we have suggested. This is a matter that the Progress Committee might well take in hand, if they had not already done so.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 29, 2 September 1871

1871 - Fatal Accident to a woman.

A magisterial inquiry took place on Monday 28th before J.P. Plunkett JP at the Black Lead Hotel, into the death of Ellen Victor, whose body had been taken from a shaft on the Black Lead Road, early in the morning of the same day.

About seven in the morning Patrick Lawler in formed Constable Flaherty that a woman had fallen down a shaft. He responded and was present when the body was removed and placed in the hotel.

Lawler stated that she came to him at 5 am asking instructions on how to get to the Black Lead road as she had been lost all night. He pointed her in the right direction and a few minutes later he heard a scream followed by a dull thud. He then roused some neighbours and they found her down a nearby shaft. 

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 29, 2 September 1871

1871 - Notice
I hereby publicly declare that I have authorised no woman to assume my name as my wife. Mark Gless.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 33, 30 September 1871

1871 - POLICE COURT

Obscene language — an old woman, Jane Mould charged, fined 20s.

Idle and Disorderly - Catherine Booth, better known as Scotch Kate, charged under the Vagrant Act as an idle and disorderly character. Arrested about mid-night by Constable Fitzpatrick in Herbert Street, in company with 3 men. Numerous previous convictions. 6 months hard labour Mudgee goal.

How doth the Little Busy Bee - Mrs. Golden charged with assaulting Mrs. Elliot. Complainant stated that early last week her husband got a hive of bees in Queen Street, and the next day asked her to watch them. She did so, and on seeing them coming out she ‘handed her child to a friend, and went to tin kettle them.’ As she was thus engaged, defendant came out, called her a drunkard, and struck her on the hand with a bell. There were many people present at the time, but no witnesses were called. Ruth Mitchell and Matilda Flacknoe, two witnesses for the defence they saw nothing of the assault Dismissed.

Mrs. Elliot v T. Golden - Complainant stated that at the time, alluded to the last case defendant came out and caught her by the shoulder threatened to smash her face and shook her, also putting his hand in her face. In cross examination complainant denied that the defendant asked her to stop tin kettling as his son was dangerously ill [since died.] Defendant said bees belonged to the man whose property they settled on, fined 15/6.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 38, 4 November 1871

1871 - Opening of the Hospital

We are glad to be able to state that the hospital was opened on Wednesday last, for the admission of pa-tients. As the funds are very low, the admission of patients will be confined to accidents and other cases in the opinion of the committee and the medical of-ficer are considered eligible.

The first patient was a woman form Tallawang who was admitted last Wednesday evening.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 40, 18 November 1871

1872 - Heroic Boy 

On New Year’s Day a woman on Billy Goat Hill ,who does not bear a very respectable character, went to the Temperance Picnic and locked her children outside the house. The little ones enduring the scorching hot sun for some hours began to cry for something to eat; the eldest boy a youngster about seven years old, after a great deal of trouble managed to get on the top of the house and then on the top of the chimney and let himself down the chimney into the inside, the others outside crying ‘Here’s a crack put some bread through this ‘O’ don’t eat it all’;  the boy having secured a loaf of bread got up the chimney again onto the roof and thence to the ground where the little ones clustered around him while he divided the loaf.  It is a pity the law could not teach this pattern of mother a lesson. 

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 47, 6 January 1872

1872 - Another Mother  

A woman in a state of intoxication, with an infant about a month old was found laying prostrate in the street, a kind Samaritan for the child's sake took the woman and infant into her home; having put her to bed, this paragon of maternal affection took her child and through it on the ground. On hearing this the police went to the house and arrested her, when an acquaintance promised to take the woman home and attend to her until she was sober. The police there upon gave her over to the woman, and saw the last of her.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 47, 6 January 1872

1872 - Sly Grog Selling.

There was a lively session at yesterdays Gulgong Police Court. No less than 19 summons were issued against sly-grog sellers, mostly against the ‘fair ones’ of Gulgong. Such a distribution of ‘silks and flowers’ has never been seen in the court before; and the ladies experienced a reciprocity of feeling as the ominous sounds “fined £30“ was uttered from the forum.

Only the cases of Margaret Ryan and Elsie Moffitt were disposed of. The informants were two beauties belonging to the genus homo; one had been a clown in a circus, and the other an unfortunate digger and splitter. So they put their heads together to enjoy pale brandy at the expense of the women, turned informers, but kept a most respectable distance from the young ladies who several times inadvertently expressed the desire of “laying hold of them”. The remainder of the cases will be disposed of next Tuesday.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 48, 13 January 1872

1872 - POLICE COURT

Sly Grog Selling 

• Mrs. Haggart [Canadian Lead], informers Bradley and Curr. Fined £30.
• Eliza Willoughby - Queen Street charged as above, same informers. Fined £30 and costs, to appeal. 
• Leah Hall - Queen Street, charged as above, same informers, but witnesses proved that the informers erred in this case, dismissed.
• Mrs. Leroux, Black Lead, charged as above by the same informers. Several witnesses swore that the informers gave false evidence but the Bench believed the informers. Fined £30 and costs.
• Ellen Walker, a married woman, living on the Black Lead, and keeping a store was charged by Sgt. O’Donnell. Bradley and Curr informers. Charles Wilson, Edward Tidswell, Andrew Whakely and Sarah Walker gave evidence that no grog was sold, that the husband was a member of the Sons of Temperance, who never allowed liquor on the premises. The respectability of the defendant was also proved for the past ten years, and although the witnesses swore on oath and were not impeached, swore contrary to the informers [men of doubtful character] the informers evidence was taken and the defendant was fined £30, half goes to the informants, as it in all other cases.

Murderous Assault – Henry Thomas Wilson charged with assault with intent to cause grievous bodily harm by striking Catherine Senior over the head and face with the back part of an axe. Dr. Ramsay attended the woman, she had contused wound to the scalp and a large wound to the jaw, she was in an advanced stage of pregnancy. The woman fainted in court had was attended by Drs. Ramsay and Belinfante, case remanded till Friday

Sly Grog Selling - Louisa Painter charged, did not appear, new summons issued.
Mrs. Hutchinson charged as above, informers Bradley and Curr, denied, fined £30.
Mary Ann Brooks charged as above, same two informers, fined £30.
Mrs. McKenzie charged as above, case dismissed, she allowed the liquor to be sold but did not do the selling. Same two informers.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 49, 20 January 1872
 

1872 - [ADVERTISING]

Wanted - A Respectable young woman and Laundress and General Servant. Apply Mrs. Brady, Shamrock Hotel, corner of Herbert and Bayly Streets.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 52, 10 February 1872
 

1872 - [MURDER]

Mary Anne Young killed her husband Edward Jacob Young, a retail butcher, in the street opposite No 4 N Black Lead by stabbing him near he navel, with a very large butcher’s knife. The couple had quarrel, appears that a feeling of jealousy has mutually existed between them for sometime. The wretched woman appears to be horrified at what she had done, said ‘I am the person who done the deed; I don’t deny it. I did it in a heat of passion.’ The scene in the closing stage of the man’s life is said to be heart rendering, as the wife was kneeling beside the dying man, begging for forgiveness, the family of little children grouped around their parents crying bitterly. A man named John Duggan gave evidence as did Constable Stapleton.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 54, 21 February 1872

1872 - [POLICE COURT]

Drunk – One man and two women were charged with being drunk, discharged with a caution.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 59, 9 March 1872

1872 - Murder near Windeyer   

A woman, aged between 50  and 60, named Aveling Littler of Gulgong, wife of the late William Littler, was murder by John Conn alias Coyne, for her cart and horse. Conn’s wife was also involved. The murdered woman had a receipt in her pocket for the purchase of the horse and cart from Patrick McInerney.  Trial to held at Bathurst. 

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 60, 13 March 1872

1872 - POLICE COURT 

Wounding with Intent - Henry Thomas Wilson charged with wounding Catherine Senior, with a squaring hammer, a woman named Mary Ann, with whom he lived, mentioned.  Found guilty. 

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 62, 20 March 1872

1872 - [TOWN TALK]

I was much amused much against my will at the Police Court, on hearing of the assault case brought by one women against an other. A witness stated, ‘Both parties had they met half way between their houses and agreed to fight. They met twice and retired calling each other coward. The third time they met and fought manfully like two men. It was a finer fight I ever saw. Complainant got the worst of it. If that is not equal to anything in Amazonian His-tory, I’m afraid Gulgong cannot make a better effort.’ Another witness swore, ‘Twenty men were looking on at the fight and never interfered as they thought it was better to let the women fight it out.” There was a good lot of rough justice and wisdom in this as the result is that the conquered one is quiet and the victim wisely followers her example. I hope venerable attendants at tea-fights in the metropolis will not up-hold this little episode of social life on the diggings as an awful example of our depravity. The neighbourhood of this pair of Amazons must be a delightful place to hang out. Rent and building sites will surely rise and this “Paradise Row’ will become famous as a Sunday afternoon sight for the townsfolk who ‘do’ the Black Lead.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 63, 23 March 1872

1872 - COURT NEWS

Manslaughter – Mary Ann Young of her husband. Wm Thompson gave evidence, had often seen the prisoner being abused by her husband, she was a good clean woman, and always appeared to be on loving terms with her husband, he had often invited her to take a glass of wine but she had always refused. Imprisoned at Darlinghurst Gaol for 6 months.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 65, 30 March 1872

1872 - Police Court

Stealing – Ah Chan charged with stealing a ring property of Ah Kit, married to a white woman, did not know how to treat his wife, she was sick of being chained to her bed like a dog. Ah Chan was a mutual friend and sympathetic to Mrs. Ah Kit. A great many Celestials were examined, resulting in the case being dismissed.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 67, 6 April 1872

1872 - School of Arts

Decided to allow women to be admitted as members, at 2/6 per quarter. Those present at the meeting were Messrs. L.S. Donaldson, Stacey, Cairns, D. Driscoll, McDiarmid, Goulding and Cook. The Secretary was instructed to request members to contribute new or second hand books for the purpose of starting a library. Mr. McDonald was requested to commence his canvass for books are early as possible.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 105, 17 August 1872

1872 - POLICE COURT

Poor Unfortunates – Three poor unfortunate children – John Lewis, aged 9, Agnes Lewis aged 7 and Elizabeth Lewis aged 3½, belonging to a worthless woman named Agnes Lewis were brought up by the police as neglected. Constable Callaghan, stated in the compa-ny of Sergeant Keenan they took the three children up on warrant because they were living with a woman named Agnes Lewis, who was a well known prostitute and a drunkard, he had visited the place several times and it was always in a dirty state; on one occasion there was a man there who refused to give his name; several neighbours complained of the conduct of the woman. Sergeant Keenan corroborated the evidence of Constable Callaghan. The Bench ordered the children be sent to the Industrial School.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 137, 7 December 1872

1873 - Town Talk by Photo

While prowling around looking out for a subject to photo, I do see some curious sights, such only as can be seen on a goldfield. For instance, I was returning from the rush on the land of that lucky fellow, Squire Rouse, of Guntawang, recently opened by Bob Frazer, when I saw a new thing in gold mining, invented by Bowie Wilson and kept alive by the present reg-ulations. I had often heard of it but never had ocu-lar proof of this novelty until the other morning.

The novelty was a decent married woman, her grown-up daughter and four little olive branches shepherd-ing a claim in 160 feet sinking, over ninety of which is thought to be basalt, as hard as belt metal. I bid her good morning and asked how her claim was progress-ing and to hear her go into mining technicalities would be instructive to the Commissioner who I’m sure could not cope with her. She said her old man was in the prospecting claim and was now helping put down the third shaft. The basalt was hard, my word it looked it, took over forty points to drill one hole. She didn’t like dynamite in a deep shaft but mixed with powder it did rip the rock up. She and her younguns held six men’s ground, all had miner’s rights, always brought some sewing with her and did her two hours under a bough gunyah; made the littleuns learn to read while shepherding. If her old man struck gold would be able to sell five shares in No 1 [her claim] and keep one share. I asked her opinion about the lead and it was a caution to hear her go into details how Ballarat Jack and his mates at the hole over there where I saw the old man fossicking got good gold and it was traced in the shallow ground to where it dropped into the deep under the basalt. I felt small at this novel thing in woman’s rights and bid her good day, convinced that Bowie Wilson did not do a good thing when he amended the Goldfields Act so that ‘any person’ could on payment of ten bob obtain a miner’s right. I’ve seen two young women on the ‘Flat’ earn good wages cradling headings and afterwards saw them cradling a tiny lump of humanity but as an old miner who can date back to Eaglehawk Gully rush on old Bendigo, I felt mean to think that my free and independent calling has so awfully degenerated when a little child in napkins can hold one man’s ground.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 165, 15 March 1873

1873 - [SLY GROG]

There is another crusade now on against the sly-grog sellers. These poor people who principally consist of decent married women who somehow have lost the run of their husbands and very often their names, are harshly dealt with. They are allowed to develop into full blown shanties in which no trouble is taken to hide the fact that grog is sold. Everybody patronises them form a J. P. down to a Chinaman who love Old Tom; even our guardians in blue don’t disdain to try a nip of summit short in the long lonely hours of the night when they are prowling around ‘doing their du-ty’ and it is hard that after such favoured patronage these poor lone grass widows should fall victims to the dodges of a sly-grog informer. How I do hate these bipeds who are ready to play ‘Judas’ for half the thirty pieces. The cure for sly-grog selling is not by using libels on humanity or yet in passing Permissive Liquor Bills but in adopting the Queensland plan of granting a license to any house measuring at least 20 feet by 12 feet and open to inspection by the police at all hours of the day and night. No accommodation for travellers is required and the license fee is £10 per annum. This law has almost exterminated shanties in that colony and more, has improved the public morals, though Joe Wearne and his crowd would like to think so. Publicans may and do object to shanties but I know many of them who spend more money shouting in these unlicensed dens than they do in public. I reckon over £1000 has been paid on Gul-gong in fines by sly-grog sellers and I dare assert that there are as many now at the trade as there was – a proof that shanty keeping may be naughty but it’s nice.

Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 165, 15 March 1873

1874 - Police Court

Constable Joseph Evans has charged the following women with language offences, Mary Kenny, Jane Kenny and Melinda Wilkinson.

Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, March 24, 1874

1874 - Police Court - Insulting Language 

Gibbons v Makay - Mrs. Gibbons deposed that at the Black Lead near Wilson dam, Mrs. Makay used the language which was very filthy, about an hour later she came out of her house and offered to fight, and used the filthy remarks again.

Mrs. Gibbons: I did not square up to Mrs Makay but she squared up to me; I did not tuck up my sleeves.

Charles Haddleman: I was on the Black Lead that day and saw women quarrelling, using their tongues rapidly, they were very angry and I could not hear what they were saying.

Henry Kitchen: Saw the women, Mrs. Gibbons put her baby on the ground; couldn’t hear them.

Peter Wilson: Saw the parties, they were calling each other names and quarrelling,.

Respondent was fined 10/- and 5/- costs.

Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, July 25, 1874

1875 - [ROBBERY]

What May Happen to a Man at Gulgong - On Saturday last we gave our readers the evidence taken at Police Court in the prosecution of two females charged with robbery from the person, which resulted in the committal of the said females. It appears that Mr James Calder, who had just finished the contract for having erected a whim at the Welcome Reef, Three Mile, was paid off and came into town for a jovial holiday. As he left the Moonlight Hotel and was passing up Mayne Street, he was accosted by a woman whom he approached and was pulled into a house. Here, according to the evidence he was plied with grog, the money [8 pounds] taken from his purse and then unceremoniously thrust into the street. It did not appear clearly whether he was thrust out the back or front door, and perhaps this is not material. The circumstances should set as a warning to all others who have money and who are bibulous in their habits, not to be beguiled by the siren voices of women who reside in the locality of ‘Billy Goat Hill’.

Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, September 1, 1875

1875 - Police Court 

Drunk and Disorderly - Annie Newton charged again at Home Rule, has been convicted three times within twelve months, sentenced to three months gaol.

Protection - Martha Jane and Mary Jane Doherty, aged 12 and 10 years were brought up for protection by Sergeant Keenan, being the child of Annie Newton. Constable Evans supported Sergeant Kneepan’s evidence, Annie Newton was a prostitute and drunkard. The children were sent to the Industrial School.

Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, September 22 1875 

1876 - Police Court 

Protection - Ann Pearson brought up under warrant issued at the request of Mrs Ann McNab, an aged woman, who stated that the accused was her grand-daughter, aged 15 years and was the associate of common prostitutes. Constable Robert Forester made the arrest.

Mrs Ann McNab stated the girl’s father was living somewhere near O’Connell’s Plains, Bathurst and her mother was living with a Chinaman at Hargraves, the girl had been in the service at Mr T Ryan’s, he had treated her well; she would not taken their good advice, but would leave the house to seek the houses of the most abandoned women of the town.

Mrs Ellen Smith: She had know the girl for five years; the desolate women she kept company with were of lowest grade. Ordered to be sent to the Industrial School.

Another Waif - Charlotte Henry aged 10 years was charge with having no visible means of support. Constable Robert Forster made the arrest in Lower Mayne Street, knowing the child to be the frequenter of brothels of the worst description; the mother was an abandoned woman of the worst kind; the father died some time ago in hospital; he had seen the child frequently at houses, the owners of which bore disreputable characters; she is in all intents a deserted child. Order to the Industrial School.

Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, March 18 1876

1876 - Murder 

William Simmons charged with the murder of Joseph Todd at the Three Mile. Prisoner pleaded not guilty. There were five women who attend the court and sat out the whole proceedings listening to the evidence which many men present would if possible have not listened to. The verdict was mercy from His Honour, the sentence being one month’s imprisonment. Todd had been assaulting Simmons young daughter.

Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, April 26 1876

1876 - [LICENSE]
Transfer of License Publican’s License was granted from Eliza Greening, Home Rule Hotel to Thomas Halladice.

Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, April 26 1876

BUCHOLTZ

Henry S Bucholtz married Elizabeth Snelson in Gulgong in 1886 (NSW BDM 6184/1886). Their children included:

• Frederick J - 1887
• Harold J - 1888
• Royden W - 1892
• William H - 1894
• Bertha - 1896
• Stanley B - 1898
• Edna B - 1901
• Eileen M - 1904
• Rodney - 1906

NEWS ITEMS

1906 - MRS. H. BUCHOLTZ.

The news of the death of Mrs. Harry Bucholtz, of Eurunderee, which sad event occurred on Tuesday morning, was received with genuine regret by all who were acquainted with her.

A chill received after childbirth, brought on pneumonia and other complications, and this was the cause of death. Nine little children and a husband are left to mourn their sad loss. Deceased, who was 42 years of age, was a daughter of Mr. John Snelson, of near Gulgong. The funeral took place on Tuesday afternoon, the remains being interred in the Church of England portion of the cemetery.

The Ven. Archdeacon Dunstan officiated at the graveside.

Source: Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 18 Oct 1906 Page 13

1913 - Wedding at Portland - BUCHOLTZ— ANNESLEY.

A very pretty wedding was celebrated at St. Stephen's Church of England, Portland, on the 26th instant, the contracting parties being Emily Margaret May, second daughter or Mr. and Mrs. A. W. Annesley, of Roy Alvin, and Frederick John, eldest son of Mr. H. S. Bucholtz, a descendant of the old pioneer family of Bucholtz, of Fredericksberg, Mudgee. The bride was given away by her father. Miss Grace Annesley (sister of the bride) and Miss Bertha Bucholtz (sister of the bridegroom) acted as bridesmaids. Mr. Harold Bucholtz accompanied his brother as best man, while Mr. Roy Annesley acted as groomsman.

[more at link]

Source: Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 3 Apr 1913 Page 17

1922 - Wedding. WATT— BUCHOLTZ.

A very pretty wedding took place at St. Luke's' Church, Gulgong, on March 29th, when Bertha, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. H. A. Bucholtz, of Burragorang, and E. J. Watt, son of Mr. and Mrs. W. Watt, of Gulgong, were joined in matrimony.

The Rev. C. J. Allen officiated. The bride, who was given away by her brother, wore a dainty frock of ivory crepe de chene and georgette, hand embroidered. She also wore a veil which was held in place with a wreath of orange blossoms and carried a shower bouquet of white cactus dahlias and fern. Miss Edna Bucholtz, sister of the bride, was bridesmaid, and she wore a pretty frock of pink glace silk and georgette. She wore a black hat and carried a bouquet of mauve and pink cactus dahlias. Mr. D. Upham, of Sydney, was best man.

After the ceremony the reception was held in the Town Hall, when the usual toasts were honored. Mr and Mrs. Watt afterwards left by the evening train for Wyong where the honeymoon was spent. The bride's travelling dress was a navy blue costume with hat to match. The future home of the happy young couple will be at Gulgong.

Source: Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 4 May 1922 Page 17

1936 - "Very Much Alive."

"When announcing the engagement of Bessie, only daughter of Mr. and the late Mrs. William Tuxford, of Gulgong, to Ronald, we referred to the bridegroom-to-be as the son of the late Mr. H. Bucholtz, of Eurunderee'' (states the "Mudgee Mail.") "This, of course, is not correct, as the 'dead' man, in the person of Mr. H. Bucholtz, called upon us and invited us to drink to his premature death. That "Harry" was pleased to find that the rumor of his passing was incorrect could be seen by his countenance, which radiated smiles. We congratulate him on his return to life, and hope that he, like the good old household cat, still has eight lives up his sleeve."

Source: The Muswellbrook Chronicle (NSW : 1898 - 1955) Fri 14 Feb 1936 Page 1

1936 - Gulgong Personal

MR H. J. Bucholtz (father of Mr. Rodney Bucholtz, of Gulgong) was admitted to the Mudgee District Hospital late on Saturday night last owing to being injured when a car which he was driving collided with another car on the Mudgee-Eurunderee road.

Source: Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 14 May 1936 Page 13 

1937 - Bucholtz-Tuxford [NSW BDM 3970/1937]

A gown of ivory Mariette made on classical lines, with a long flared train and a coronet of orange blossoms from which fell a beautiful Honiton lace veil, was chosen by Miss Bessie Tuxford, only daughter of Mr. William Tuxford, of Gulgong, and the late Mrs. Tuxford, for her marriage to Mr. Rodney Bucholtz, youngest son of Mr. Henry Bucholtz, of Eurunderee, and the late Mrs. Bucholtz, on Monday last, at St. Luke's Church, Gulgong. The Rev. L. V. Caldwell officiated.

The bride, who looked charming, carried a sheaf of pink gladioli, asters and carnations, which, with the other bouquets, was the work of Mrs. H. E. Snelson.

Miss Joan Heard, (cousin of the bride) attended as bridesmaid. She was prettily attired in a gown of pink floral mariette and wore a picture hat to tone, the crown of which was composed of velvet petals and the brim of tulle. She carried a sheaf of blue delphiniums and pink talisman roses.

Little Clare Watt (niece of the bridegroom) acted as train bearer, and looked sweet in an ankle length frock of pale green mariette and carried a beautifully decorated basket of flowers.

The bride was given away by her uncle, Mr. F. W. Heard, and the bridegroom's nephew, Mr. Allen Bucholtz, was best man.

The reception was held at the home of the bride's aunt, where a beautifully decorated three-tier cake was cut and the usual toast honored.

Miss S. Tuxford (aunt of the bride), assisted by Miss Snelson (aunt of the bridegroom), received the guests, the former wearing a frock of navy floral flat crepe and hat to tone, carrying a posy of autumn berries and talisman roses, and the latter a frock of beige crepe-de-chene with brown accessories and carrying an autumn tinted posy.

The happy couple left by car for their honeymoon which is being spent at Sydney and Whale Beach.The bride wore a frock of London Tan Matelasse with summer felt hat and accessories to tone.

Source: Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 25 Feb 1937 Page 19

1945 - Deaths - Roy Bucholtz

The death occurred in the Manly Hospital on Sunday last of Mr. Roy Bucholtz, brother of Mrs. B. Watt (Gulgong) and Mr. R. Bucholtz (Glen Davis), both of whom attended the funeral. Mr. Bucholtz is a nephew of Misses A. and M. Snelson and Messrs. H. and P. Snelson, of Gulgong. He leaves a widow and two children. Sympathy is extended to the bereaved.

Source: Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 15 Nov 1945 Page 17

 

1948 - Gulgong Personal

Mr. Stan Bucholtz, of Chatswood, returned home last Wednesday night after spending a few days with his sister, Mrs. Bertha Watt, of Herbert Street, and father, Mr. H. Bucholtz. The last named has been under medical attention at Mrs. Watt's residence.

Source: Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 19 Aug 1948 Page 11

1949 - Mr. Bucholtz

Mr. Henry Samuel Bucholtz, a member of a pioneering family, died in the Gulgong Hospital last night. The funeral will take place to the Church of England portion of the Mudgee cemetery at 11 o'clock tomorrow (Friday) morning. Messrs. J. C. Swords and Son are carrying out the arrangements.

Source:  Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 15 Sep 1949 Page 2

1949 - FAMILY NOTICES

BUCHOLTZ, Henry Samuel—September 15, at Gulgong Hospital, father of Fred, Harold, Roy (deceased), Will, Stan, Bertha (Mrs. Watt), Eileen (Mrs. Copeland) Edna (Mrs. Goodday, N.Z.), aged 86 years.

Source: The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Fri 16 Sep 1949 Page 16

1949 - DEATHS - Mr. H. S. Bucholtz

A member of an old pioneering family in the person of Mr. Henry Samuel Bucholtz passed away at the Gulgong District Hospital on Wednesday of last week at the age of 86 years.

Born at Eurunderee of parents who had not long arrived from California in quest of gold, which was said to have been plentiful in that area about that time, the late Mr. Bucholtz married in 1885 Miss Elizabeth Snelson, daughter of an other pioneering family from 'Broadoak,' Gulgong, and took up farming pursuits in the Eurunderee district.

Following the death of his wife some 42 years ago, he often followed the urge to again try his luck in the field of gold prospecting, ever hopeful that some day he might strike it lucky. For some two years he resided with his daughter, Mrs. B. Watt, at 'Beechwood,' Herbert Street, Gulgong, and found occupation in tending the garden, being adept at pruning and such like.

He is survived by the following family: Frederick and Harold (South Coast), William and Rodney (Wagga), Bertha (Mrs. Watt, Gulgong), Stanley (Chatswood), Edna (Mrs. Gooday, Wellington, N.Z.), Eileen (Mrs. Copeland, Drummoyne).

The funeral took place to the Church of England portion of the Mudgee general cemetery on Friday morning last, Messrs J. C. Swords and Son having charge of the arrangements. The sincere sympathy of the 'Advertiser' is extended to the bereaved relatives and friends.

Source: Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 22 Sep 1949 Page 16

STEWART

Headstone in Gulgong Cemetery

Source: Austcemindex

Source: Find a grave

The inscription reads:

This Memorial

WAS ERECTED BY THE GOVERNEMNT

to
CHARLES STEWART

NATIVE OF ABERDEENSHIRE SCOTLAND

AGED 56

He was shot dead in his house near Gulgong on the of 10th April 1885 during an encounter between the police and armed criminals.

10.04.1885

CHARLES STEWART [STUART], a storekeeper aged 60 years, died from “GUNSHOT WOUNDS INFLICTED BY ARMED ROBBER”. [Victim of Angel and Thurston]. (NSW BDM 11986/1885)
R ACHESON, Coroner JP
Place of death: Green Swamp
Place of burial: Gulgong (C of E)
Witnesses: JESSE BENNETT and JAMES LEWIS
Born in SCOTLAND. Parents unknown.
Length in Colony: unknown
Marital status: Olive Olivia Marie Stuart, of Cudal (listed as beneficiary)

Source: Gulgong death records to 1910

NEWS ITEMS

1885 - The Coonamble Tragedy. ESCAPEES SHOT.

Gulgong, April 11.

There was great excitement here this morning when the news was brought that Thurston and Angel, the Coonamble gaol escapees and murderers, had been shot, the former dead. Certain information had been given to the police, and, acting on it, Senior-Sergeant Burns and Constables M'Kinlay and Day secreted themselves in the store of Mr. Charles Stewart, at Slasher's Flat on the Mudgee-road, nine miles from here. Thurston and Angel came to the store about 12 o'clock last night, and compelled Mr. Steward, who was sleeping in an adjoining hut, to open it. They then shot Stewart dead whilst on his knees begging for his life, whereupon the police opened fire, shot Thurston dead, and wounded Angel in three places. Dr. Kealy was brought from Gulgong, who at once recommended Angel's removal to the hospital, which was done, and it is the doctor's opinion that Angel cannot recover. A magisterial inquiry was held on the body of Charles Stewart by Mr J F Plunkett, JP, and the evidence of Sergeant Burns and Constable M'Kinlay was taken, when the inquiry was adjourned until Tuesday next. Dr. Kealy is now making a postmortem examination of the bodies.

Sergeant Burns has been sent out ever since the prisoners escaped from Connamble, and by his knowledge of the country he tracked them from place to place.

Constable Thomas McKinlay, sworn: Am a constable stationed at Gulgong; I have seen the dead body of a man named Charles Stewart in his store near here; I went in company with Sergeant Burns and Constable Day to the store on Thursday night last ; we remained there all night, anticipating that the place would be robbed ; we went there again last night, about 8 o'clock ; I see the plan produced ; I was placed in a room by Sergeant Burns ; there is a little window in it looking into the store, at which I was posted; about a quarter to 12 a man came into the verandah ; he sang out "Old man, I want some tobacco" when I heard him speak I said to the sergeant, "That is Billy Thurston's voice, I know it;" about five minutes after I saw a light coming past the store window deceased opened the door ; I then cocked my rifle ; the two men followed deceased into the store ; deceased came round the counter past my window; the two men covered deceased with their revolvers, and told him to bail up; they told him to come back from behind the counter ; the deceased came back and said "For God's sake don't shoot me; you can have what you want;" he then went on his knees ; I covered Thurston; just then there was a report from, I think, Thurston; I then fired; both men had the old man covered; the deceased, when the shot was fired by Thurston, was facing Angel, at least he was so facing when he knelt down; the light was all the time on the counter; I saw the back of the deceased's head from where I was standing, as he knelt on the floor ; shots were fired by both the sergeant and Constable Day ; I believe there were three ; Thurston went out at the front door and fell ; Angel rushed into the passage, and into the room where I was ; I thought at first it was Constable Day, but when I found it was one of the men I fired at him with my revolver; the man staggered and rushed out of the front door ; I followed him, and found him lying down on his face, about 50 yards away ; he was wounded ; I took a revolver (produced) out of his hand ; the revolver did not belong to any of our party ; I examined the revolver after we carried Angel in, and found it to have been recently discharged; an empty cartridge case was in it ; Sergeant Burns had previously examined it ; we took the man back to the store, and he told me his name was White, after wards he said his name was Angel ; I heard him tell Dr. Kealy that he was out a month from Coonamble;  I fired a rifle (a Martini-Henry) at Thurston in the store from my position at the window; that shot could not have hit the deceased; no object was visible between me and the man I fired at; deceased was on his knees and the counter intervened between us ; did not fire a revolver shot through the window ; when we came back with the wounded man we saw Thurston lying at the door dead; I then recognised him as William Thurston ; I had known him since 1879 ; there was a warrant out against him for murder ; I took a revolver from him when I went after Angel ; it is a Colt's — the police do not use them ! there were five barrels loaded ; one barrel was recently discharged ; I found deceased lying dead where he had knelt down ; I saw him with a wound above his left nipple ; I believe that was the only shot fired by the men, by Thurston. The inquiry was adjourned until 11 a.m. on Tuesday, the 14th instant, at Gulgong.

The deceased, Charles Stewart, was universally liked and respected for his gentle kind disposition. Dr. Kealy made a post-mortem examination and found a bullet in the right shoulder. It had struck the left shoulder, smashing the collar-bone, and had cut through the large vein of the heart, and then into the front of the right shoulder. Death must have been almost instantaneous. Angel died at 20 minutes past 9 on Sunday morning. He made a statement to Mr. Dobson, Church of England minister, and also to the policeman, that he did not shoot Mitchell, but that Langley the warder had done it in the scuffle.

Source: The Colonist (Maryborough, Qld. : 1884 - 1952)  Sat 25 Apr 1885 Page 16

CWA HALL

CWA Hall, Herbert St Gulgong
Presbyterian Scottish Fair, 1970

Source: Ailsa Campbell

JOHN THOMAS COLBURN MAYNE

John Thomas Colburn Mayne - was born in Ireland around 1834 in Ireland to Captain William Colburn Mayne and Mary Ellen nee Turner. In 1838 the family moved to Australia.

John married Charlotte Augusta Arabin in Molong NSW in 1857 and died 3 March 1924 in Ingleburn.

NEWS ITEMS

1857 - MARRIAGES.
On the 3rd instant, at Gamboola, Molong, by the Rev. R. W. Vanderkiste, John T. Colburn Mayne, Esq., to Charlotte, eldest daughter of Charles Arabin, Esq., of Ballinrobe, county Mayo, Ireland.

Source:  The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Thu 12 Mar 1857 Page 1

1925 - [PROBATE]

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF NEW SOUTH WALES Probate Jurisdiction - In the Will and Codicil of JOHN THOMAS COLBURN MAYNE late of Denham Court Ingleburn in the State of New South Wales Esquire deceased — Pursuant to the Wills Probate and Administration Act 1898 and the Testator's family Maintenance and Guardianship of Infants Act 1925 Notice is hereby given that all creditors and other persons having any debts claims or demands of what kind soever upon or affecting the state of the abovenamed deceased (who died on or about the fifth day of March 1924) and Probate of whose Will and Codicil was granted by the Supreme Court of New South Wales in its Probate Jurisdiction on the twenty fifth day of August one thousand nine hundred and twenty four to JOHN THOMAS COLBURN MAYNE, HORATIO RAMSAY MAYNE and WILLIAM HORNER FLETCHER the Executors of the said Will and Codicil are hereby required to send in particulars of such debts claims and demands to the said Executors on or before the first day of October next at the expiration of which time the surviving Executors will proceed to distribute the assets of the said deceased among the persons entitled thereto having regard to the debts claims and demands only of which they shall then have had notice and the said surviving Executors will not be liable for the assets so distributed to any person of whose debt claim or demand they shall not have had notice at the time of such distribution Dated this twentieth day of August, 1925 for the Executors, P V McCULLOCH, Proctor, 14 Martin place Sydney

Source: The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Fri 21 Aug 1925 Page 4

O'DRISCOLL

NEWS ITEMS

1923 - JOHN O'DRISCOLL - DEATH IN SYDNEY.

SYDNEY, Tuesday.

John O'Drlscoll, of Liverpool-street Paddington, died last night, aged 82.

His father was one of the Gulgong gold pioneers of the fifties. After remaining in the Gulgong district for a quarter of century, and doing much gold mining along the Macquarie, John O'Driscoll went to the Copeland goldfields, where he erected a battery and carried out many successful crushings. He removed to Newcastle, where he held a lease of the baths for several years. He came to live in Sydney 20 years ago.

Source: The Newcastle Sun (NSW : 1918 - 1954) Tue 26 Jun 1923 Page 5

CAPTAIN WILLIAM COLBURN MAYNE

Captain William Colburn Mayne was born in Wicklow, Ireland on 22 July 1808 to John and Theodosia Colburn. He died 31 August 1902, aged 94, and is buried at Enfield Anglican Cemetery, Portion 14, Row 34.

William married Mary Ellen Turner. Their children included:

• John Thomas Colburn Mayne - born 1834? in Ireland?; married Charlotte Augusta Arabin in Molong in 1857; died 3 March 1924 in Ingleburn
• Charlotte Anne Colburn Mayne - b 1840; died 27-10-1939 in England
• Maria C C - born 1843;
• Emily C - born 1844;
• Dorothea C - born 1846;
• Ann Turner Colburn Mayne - born 1847; died 16-1-1924 Terrace Hastings (England)
• Horatio Ramsay - born 1850

He bought 1084 acres in the County of Bligh in 1841 (well before Gulgong existed by name). He was able to purchase land with the help of 150 pounds sterling that he received from (less than 15 years) service as a Captain in Her Majesty's 5th Regiment of Foot.

From 1840-1844 Captain Colburn was listed as a Commissioner of the Peace. He was living on a property called Llangollen at Cassilis.

NEWS ITEMS

1840 - [ADVERTISEMENT]

TWENTY POUNDS REWARD.—

On the Morning of the 6th Instant, while camped near the Ford, at Jerry's Plains, a Dray belonging to Charles Boydell, Esq., was attacked by four armed men and robbed of various articles of Clothing. Supplies. Plate, &c., &c. my property. I hereby offer a Reward of Twenty Pounds for the Apprehension and Conviction of the Thieves, and the recovery of the things stolen.

Among them was a small Tin Box, containing private letters and papers, of no value to any one but myself, for the recovery of which I now offer a Reward of Five Pounds.

W. C. MAYNE.
Llangollen, Cassilis.
Source: The Sydney Herald (NSW : 1831 - 1842)  Mon 17 Feb 1840  Page 3

1840 - [CONVICTS ABSCONDED]
Principal Superintendent of Convicts' Office, April 22, 1840.

THE undermentioned Prisoners having absconded from the individuals and employments set against their respective names, and some of them being at large with stolen Certificates and Tickets of Leave, all Constables and others are hereby required and commanded to use their utmost exertion in apprehending and lodging them in safe custody. Any person harbouring or employing any of the said Absentees, will be prosecuted as the law directs.

J. M'LEAN,
Principal Superintendent of Convicts.

...Kircher John. Strathfieldsaye (2), 22, Yorkshire, sweep, 5 feet 1¾ inch, ruddy comp., brown hair, dark grey eyes, scar on right cheek, scar left side forehead, 2 scrofula marks under left ear, and one left collar bone, two blue scars left eyebrow, man's head and gun lower right arm, blue ring middle finger right hand, sun and five streaks inside lower left arm, balloon outside same, scar left elbow, from Captain Mayne, Llangollen, since April 3.

1845 - ORIGINAL CORRESPONDENCE. - COLONIAL SALT BEEF.

To the Editors of the Sydney Morning Herald.

GENTLEMEN, When the French ship the Eliza was here some eighteen months since, we sent on board two casks of beef, cured by Messrs. Beatie and Mayne, at Llangollen, and which we believe had been then three or four years in pickle, as a sample, and requested Commodore Berard to favour us with a report on it Commodore Berard having kindly done so, we now enclose it, in order to its insertion for the information of the settlers, and the slaughterers of cattle.

We are, Gentlemen,

Your obedient servants.

JOUBERT AND MURPHY.

Sydney, August 19, 1845.

" COMMODORE BERARD'S REPORT.

"We have made two experiments of Mr. Murphy's beef. The meat is in good order, and has a good flavour; but we do not consider it choice meat yet; there are too many small pieces, and too great a quantity of bone; this lessens the sailors' rations. If the process of curing that meat had been only used for the best parts of the animal, I have no doubt but it would be equal to the best Irish beef. The objections are only to the choice of pieces."

1846 - APPOINTMENT.

His Excellency the Governor has directed it to be notified, with reference to the notice from the Colonial Secretary's Office of the 9th instant, ... that William Colburn Mayne, Esq., has been appointed to succeed Mr. Wright, as Commissioner of Crown Lands in the district of Wellington.

Source: The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Sat 28 Nov 1846 Page 3

1846 - [MAGISTRATE]
Government Gazette, FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 20, 1846.

His Excellency the Governor has been pleased to appoint William Colburn Mayne, Esquire, to be a magistrate of the territory and its dependencies.

Source: The Maitland Mercury and Hunter River General Advertiser (NSW : 1843 - 1893) Wed 25 Nov 1846 Page 4

1851 - [JUSTICE OF THE PEACE]
...William Colburn Mayne, of Wellington...

Source: New South Wales Government Gazette (Sydney, NSW : 1832 - 1900) Sat 25 Oct 1851 [Issue No.122 (SUPPLEMENT)] Page 1725

1852 - [INSPECTOR GENERAL OF POLICE]

...now, I, William Colburn Mayne, the Inspector-General of Police throughout the Colony of New South Wales, duly appointed under the before in part recited Act of Council, in pursuance of the power and authority so vested in me by the said Act, do hereby give notice that the Constabulary Force for the portions or districts of the said Colony hereinafter described...

Source:  New South Wales Government Gazette (Sydney, NSW : 1832 - 1900) Fri 16 Apr 1852 [Issue No.39] Page 619 

Captain W C Mayne

Source: Trove (see below)

1900 - Captain W. C. Mayne. A PROMINENT COLONIST.

A gentleman who has occupied many prominent positions in the public service of this colony is Captain William Colburn Mayne, who now, in his 93rd year, lives in quiet retirement at "Viewbank," Cheltenham-road, Burwood. Born on July 22, 1808, less than three years after Nelson's great victory at Trafalgar Bay, he was the youngest child (by his first marriage), of Captain John Mayne, of Lattin, County Monaghan, Ireland.

Having been educated at Feinaglian School, Dublin, and at Trinity College, Dublin, young Mayne was gazetted ensign in the 5th Northumberland Regiment, now known as the Northumberland Fusiliers. After a period as lieutenant on half pay (unattached) he subsequently became, by exchange, full-pay lieutenant in the Northumberland Fusiliers, in 1826. Later on, Lieutenant Mayne entered the senior department of the Royal Military College at Sandhurst, passed through the regular course, obtaining a first-class certificate, and in 1833 was promoted to a captaincy in his old regiment, the Northumberland Fusiliers. 

Five years later, in 1838, broken health caused him to retire from the service, and in November of that year he sailed for Sydney in the ship "Hero of Malown," which arrived in Port Jackson on April 1, 1839. Here, Captain Mayne turned his attention to the pastoral and agricultural pursuits of the colony, in which he continued for some years, notably at Llangollen (Cassilis), Melville Plains (Liverpool Plains), and St. Clair (Falbrook), as well as at Rosenthal, Darling Downs (in Queensland). Leaving St. Clair, he became tenant of Toongabbie (near Parramatta), from Major Wentworth. December 1, 1846, Captain Mayne was appointed Crown Lands Commissioner for the district of Wellington, an office which he held until he was appointed Inspector-General of Police for the colony (which then included Queensland), in 1852. 

Before the establishment of responsible government in the colony, he was nominated as a member of what was then the Legislative Council, and under responsible government, which was instituted in 1856, he was appointed to the higher Chamber as representative, in that House, of the first Ministry. On the retirement of the Donaldson Ministry, in August, 1856, Captain Mayne resigned his seat in the Legislative Council. On September 18, in the same year, he was appointed Auditor-General for New South Wales, and he continued to discharge the duties of that office until, on November 10, 1864, he was appointed the first official Agent-General for the colony in London; the duties having previously been carried out by a member of the British Parliament. Two years later Captain Mayne was chosen to act as head of the commission for New South Wales at the Paris Exhibition of 1867. After fulfilling the duties of Agent-General for seven years, he was, at his own request, relieved from office and returned to Sydney. Subsequently, he re-visited England and the Continent, remaining away from Australia for about four years after which he again returned to Sydney. Since then he has resided constantly at "Viewbank," Burwood.

Captain Mayne has the experience of few men in having resided in New South Wales under the regime of no less than twelve Governors and the administration of twenty-nine Ministries.

Source:  Australian Town and Country Journal (Sydney, NSW : 1870 - 1919) Sat 3 Nov 1900 Page 26

1902 - DEATH OF CAPTAIN W. C. MAYNE. - AN OLD COLONIST.

As announced briefly in our issue yesterday Captain William Colburn Mayne passed away at his residence, Viewbank, Cheltenham-road, Burwood, on Sunday morning. Captain Mayne had attained the

ripe old age of 95. He had lived in retirement for several years, and although he had filled many responsible positions in New South Wales was always one desirous of avoiding notoriety of any kind.

Naturally retiring in disposition he shrank rather from the public gaze, although on occasions he would entertain his many old friends with reminiscences of the old regime. Born on July 22, 1808, he was the son of Captain John Mayne, of Lattin, county Monaghan, Ireland, by his first marriage. He received a good education at Feinaglam School, Dublin, and, exhibiting considerable mental gifts, entered Trinity College, Dublin, where his early education was considerably advanced. Exhibiting a desire for military life young Mayne was gazetted ensign in the 5th Northumberland Regiment, subsequently called the Northumberland Fusiliers. He became a lieutenant (unattached) on half-pay, and afterwards exchanged into the fusiliers in 1826 on full pay. Lieutenant Mayne, after a course in the senior department of the Sandhurst Royal Military College, obtained a first-class certificate and received a captaincy in his old regiment. In 1838 Captain Mayne's health necessitated his retirement from military service, and in November, 1838, he left the old country in the ship Hero of Malown, the voyage occupying nearly six months. Arrived in New South Wales, Captain Mayne engaged in agricultural and pastoral pursuits, and remained on the soil for several years, rapidly acquiring colonial experience, which his natural intelligence and vigour enabled him to tum to advantage. He spent some time at Llangollen (Cassilis), Melville Plains (Liverpool Plains), and St. Clair (Falbrook), in this State, and at Rosenthal on the Darling Downs, which was then part of the mother colony. He rented Tongabbie estate, near Parramatta, from Major Wentworth, and watched the growth of Sydney from this quiet place. Captain Mayne's first public appointment was as Crown Lands Commissioner for the district of Wellington in December, 1846. He held that position for about six years, and was then appointed Inspector-General of Police for the colony.

Captain Mayne's next notable advancement was as a member of the Legislative Council, and when responsible government was instituted in 1856 he became the representative of the first Ministry in the Upper House. When the Donaldson Ministry vacated office the Hon. Captain Mayne resigned his seat in

the Upper House, but his absence from public prominence was but short, for on September 18, 1856, he

received the appointment of Auditor-General for the colony. He retained this position till November 10,

1864, when he was appointed the first Agent-General for New South Wales in London. Captain Mayne's fitness for the position, which he filled with credit, was often tested during the early days, and he acquitted himself honourably and well. In 1867 Captain Mayne went to France as chief of the New South Wales Commission for the Paris Exhibition.

His period of office as Agent-General having terminated at his own request in 1871, Captain Mayne returned to the colony. In later years he again paid a visit to England and the Continent, spending four years away from his adopted home, for the last 20 years his life had been spent in quiet walks. He had been a witness of the marvellously steady progress of the colony, and had taken no inconsiderable part in guiding and aiding that progress. The venerable gentlemen went to live at Burwood, then a quiet country place, several years ago, and there his wife died, leaving a large family. Viewbank, where he died, was his Burwood residence. During his long und useful career Captain Mayne saw the arrival and departure of 13 Governors and the political rise and fall of many colonial notables. He was in the State or connected with it while 30 different Administrations were in power, but latterly he shrank from the turmoil and hurly-burly of politics. Almost to the end he retained his mental faculties. The teaching he had received in his early school and college days remained with him, and his wonderful memory was a constant theme for surprised and delighted comment among his numerous friends. He was proud of New South Wales and proud of the great men who had predeceased him, and who in their lives had helped to mould the future of the colony.

Captain Mayne leaves two surviving sons—John Thomas Colburn Mayne and Horatio Ramsey Mayne—and several daughters and relatives. The funeral is to take place to-day at Enfield Church at 3.30 p.m.

Source: The Sydney Morning Herald (NSW : 1842 - 1954) Tue 2 Sep 1902 Page 5

Grave of Captain William Colburn Mayne

Source: Austcemindex

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John Mayne*, a miner, married Annie O'Driscoll in Gulgong in 1872 (NSW BDM 2760/1872).

It is said that the renaming of Queen Street to Mayne Street is related to this man. Further research required.

Charles Arabin Colburn Mayne - died 12-05-1910 at Berry (occupation farmer)

Walter Herbert Colburn Mayne - died 14-11-1933 Queensland (oocupation grazier)

PATRICK P HALLORAN

 
Patrick and Elizabeth Halloran, Gulgong Cemetery

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1930 - DEATH. PATRICK HALLORAN

---Find this!---

1940 - DEATH. MRS. E. HALLORAN.

The death took place in Sydney on Saturday, 19th inst., of Mrs. Elizabeth Halloran, relict of the late Mr. Patrick Halloran, at the age of 79 years, and mother of Mrs. B. J. Egan, of Muswellbrook.

Having been a resident of Gulgong district for about 60 years, the late Mrs. Halloran, who was very highly esteemed, was very well-known and liked by everyone. For many years deceased resided at Canadian Lead, where she was a true friend to hundreds of residents in the early days when that village could boast of thousands of inhabitants due to a gold rush.

The deceased was a most lovable woman and a loving mother. No one who ever went to her in trouble was turned away empty handed. Through out the whole of her life she had been devoted to religion and was a staunch adherent of the Catholic Church. She was a native of County Clare, Ireland.

Unfortunately, the closing months of Mrs. Halloran's life were marred by an injury. About three months ago, and shortly after having visited Muswellbrook, she sustained a broken thigh, caused when she slipped at her own home.

The remains were brought to Gulgong and were laid to rest in the R.C. portion of the Gulgong cemetery, the Rev. Father Foley officiating.

The following grown-up family are left to mourn their loss: Messrs Frank Halloran, Patrick Halloran (both of Gulgong), Frederick Halloran (Dubbo), Mesdames P. Hickey (Moree), E. Huxley (Bexley), M. J. Gleeson (Wollongong), B. J. Egan (Muswellbrook), P. Buckley (Parra matta) and Miss A. M. Halloran (Parramatta).

Source: The Muswellbrook Chronicle (NSW : 1898 - 1955) Tue 29 Oct 1940 Page 4 and
Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 24 Oct 1940 Page 12

1941 - DEATH - Mr. Patrick Halloran [son of Patrick and Elizabeth]

THE death occurred on Friday last at Parramatta of a Gulgong native, Mr. Patrick Halloran, aged 51 years. Deceased, who was widely known throughout the district, had, up to a few weeks previously, been a patient in hospital in Sydney for about seven weeks, and on his discharge (as hopeless, sad to say) he was cared for at the residence of a sister at Parramatta (Mrs. B. J. Egan, formerly the proprietress of the Prince of Wales Hotel, Gulgong).

"Paddy," as his many friends invariably called him, had been a valued employee of some property owners in this district for many years, but for some time past had been employed on the Sandy Hollow-Maryvale railway construction work. He will always be remembered for his integrity and sterling character. He was a son of the late Mr. and Mrs. P. Halloran.

His widow and two sons and a daughter are left to mourn their loss, also the following brothers and sisters: Messrs. Frank Halloran (Gulgong), Fred. Halloran (Dubbo), Mesdames B. J. Egan and W. Huxley (Parramatta), M. Gleeson (Wollongong), A. Buckley (Lithgow), P. Hickey (Quirindi), and Miss A. M. Halloran (Parramatta).

The funeral took place to the Catholic portion of the Gulgong Cemetery on Sunday afternoon after a service had been conducted in the church, the Rev. Fr. Crowe officiating.

Our sympathy is extended.

Source: Mudgee Guardian and North-Western Representative (NSW : 1890 - 1954) Thu 2 Oct 1941 Page 11