1870________________________
JULY 1870
There are complaints with reference to the length of time before the Post-office will be opened, viz., the 1st September. Surely the postal authorities might enter into a temporary arrangement; it is decidedly a grievance, as the chances are two to one against the diggers getting their letters at all. Without they are addressed to Guntawang, they are detained in Mudgee, for Gulgong is an undefined address, its nearest point being within a few miles of Mudgee.
The Rev. T. B. Tress visited us last Sunday, and I regret to say had but a poor congregation. Service was held in a billiard room.
Of course it is difficult to estimate the number of the population at these places, owing to the men being so scattered about; still at a new and prosperous rush they are mostly to be seen of an evening promenading the main street of the diggings, in order to meet friends or acquaintances. About 8 o'clock you will find the street perfectly thronged, if the rush is really a promising one... At the Gulgong, I went
out thinking to see something of the same kind; but I got back to my quarters again as quick as I could, for I felt almost as if I was in danger of being left alone, the "last man" on the Gulgong. I passed about nine people in the street, the larger part of whom were leaning disconsolately against posts, or other supports, as if they neither hoped nor cared to meet anybody, or anything. Joining this paucity of evening promenaders to the very sparse manner in which I saw the men scattered about the workings. I should say that, at the very outside, there could not be more than five hundred, men on the ground...
It is certainly astonishing to see the rapidity with which a new diggings is nowadays at once supplied with goods of every description. Gulgong forms no exception, for in spite of that general subject of complaints, the state of the roads, there are some seven or eight stores all well stocked with goods — so well stocked indeed that they have been able to be first in the field by sending out supplies to Tallewong. Two public houses have been erected, and two others are in course of construction; and there are two billiard tables, offering the only amusement by which the digger can pass away his evening. At the inn at which I stopped, I am sure that there were not twenty men came in to drink in the course of the evening. This would almost go to show an improved moral tone amongst the miners; only unfortunately it happens to be the fact that the sale of liquor is not confined to the licensed houses, and that there are about ten times as many places at which the digger can liquor up, and which have not put themselves in communication with Her Majesty's Treasury, than those in which he can get his legitimate drinks, and be poisoned according to the Act in that case made and provided.
I had a sketch taken to send you of the 'bark shanty' in which the two unlucky police constables stationed here are located since July last, waiting for the red tape process to be completed, ere they are housed in a manner fit for human beings. In all my wanderings I never saw such a kennel; it is in the skillion portion of a bark erection used for storing hay and corn...
Business is quiet, that is with the public-houses, but the wholesale stores of Young and Co., and Angoves appear to do a thriving trade. At the latter store is the post-office, which is the most commodious and business like one I have seen for years on a new rush, and coupled with the urbanity and courtesy of the post mistress renders the disappointment of 'no letter' almost a pleasure.
DECEMBER 1870
As a proof of the confidence existing in the future of this field, a commodious music-hall, 60ft by 25ft, is now in course of erection. The hotels are being improved, and increased additions are being made to stores; and, in fact, the usual mania for building is now rampant, as it always is where bark is plentiful and cheap...
A commodious Roman Catholic Church has been completed this week, and will prove a great convenience to the members of the church resident and in the vicinity of the gold field. It is substantially built of weatherboards and bark, and will accommodate about 200 persons. There is an apology for a church for the general use of the various Protestant denominations, infinitely inferior in size and appearance to the church just finished.
Source: Evening News (Sydney, NSW : 1869 - 1931) Sat 3 Dec 1870 Page 41871_____________________________________
Businesses already in existence prior to the first publication of the locally-produced newspaper, the Gulgong Guardian, included:
- Angove's Wholesale & Retail Wine & Spirits Merchant & General Storekeeper, Queen Street
- Selff's Sportsman's Arms Hotel, Queen Street
- Lachlan's Brewery
- Downey's Hotel
- Driscoll's Hotel
- Golden Age Hotel
- Woods & Co Sydney House
The following articles track the transformation of the Gulgong goldfield into a thriving village. They are from local newspapers (the Gulgong Guardian and the Gulgong Evening Argus) between early 1871 and mid-1876. Many of the people and buildings mentioned have linked articles containing relevant photos from the Holtermann Collection and additional newspaper articles.
FEBRUARY 1871________________________
Street Names: Strange to say that though Gulgong has already attained a respectable age for a mining township, its main thoroughfare was until recently without any recognised name. On most goldfields the baptism appellation is coeval with the formation of the street but in this essential detail, as in the many other important things, Gulgong has had an exceptional existence. But with the advent of a Commissioner, whose mission it is apparently to create order out of chaos, this neglect has been remedied now, therefore to all whom it may concern the main street is hence forth to be known as Queen Street [later renamed Mayne Street], a name that is loyal even if somewhat hackneyed and inappropriate. The street leading from Queen Street to the Black Lead is christened without water, Herbert Street, in honour of which euphonious handle its width has been increased from 33 feet to 66 feet, much to the disgust of the business frontage holders in Queen Street, who suffered by the extensions. The streets running parallel to, and north of, Queen Street have been called Bayly [after N.P. Bayly of Pipeclay fame we suppose] and Belmore Street. The street at the north end of which is the Catholic Chapel, is called Chapel Street [later renamed Medley Street]. As the Protestant Church is at the south end of it, persons when they reach the intersection of Queen Street can turn to the right or to left just as their scruples allow them. All the allotments on these streets are taken up and on many, buildings are being erected, some of them of large proportions. In a few months time it is therefore probable that Gulgong will be of respectable dimensions and when the land is alienated who knows we may have a mayor, alderman, and all the other civic functionaries to give eclat to the institution.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 1, 18 February 1871
During the past week the Oriental Bank... has opened a branch in Queen Street... The Bank of New South Wales has also opened a branch... The extension of these banking facilities is a proof that in the financial world Gulgong is a place not altogether unknown.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 1, 18 February 1871
Signs of progress - The advent of population has created a desire to render the various places of business more attractive in appreciation and equal to the daily increasing wants of the gold fields; hence it is that Queen Street is undergoing a rapid transformation equal, in rapidity and variety to a pantomime. Foremost among the improvements is the spacious store of Mr. Angove rapidly approaching completion which promises to be not only an ornament, but a striking proof of the energy and progressive ideas of our business residents and their desire to meet the demands of the public. Moses Brothers, the famed owners of the ‘Greatest Wonder of the World’ clothing establishment to be found on the leading gold fields of New Zealand, New South Wales and Queensland, have a branch next to the Golden Age Hotel in which they will in a few days exhibit their usual stock of clothing etc.
The firm of W. Booth & Co, well known on the Southern gold fields, are preparing to erect large business premises in Queen Street in which they will show their usual fashionable stock of drapery, clothing etc. True to the ‘spirit of progress’ Mr. Robinson is erecting new premises for his newsagency, library and stationery trade adjoining his old site.
The Joint Stock Bank has secured a site adjoining Driscolls Hotel which is being suitably transformed, and will open for business today under the management of Mr. Kellie of the Mudgee Branch. In Herbert Street there is great activity shown in building, no less that four hotels being visible in a skeleton form. Mr. Pericles the well-known chemist of Grenfell is erecting a neat building in the corner of Little Queen and Herbert Street in which can be procured a remedy for all ills that flesh is heir to’.
That veteran provider, J. W. Clifford, is erecting one of his cosy XXX beer bowers at the junction of Belmore Street where jaded shepherds as they return from their morning stroll can recruit exhausted nature with a pint of his peculiar tap. Further along Herbert Street Dickson and Son ‘par excellence new store where under the management of Mr. Mat Walker, they will be prepared to supply the public with everything from a needle to a portable steam engine at prices to meet the times. Woods and Co. have just occupied their large iron store in Queen Street next to Downey’s Hotel, where they will delight the ladies with a choice display of the most fashionable styles at prices defying all competition.
Last but not least we notice that a little progress, hardly worth mentioning, has been made with the lock-up and police quarters. The progress being stripping the bark off the logs that will form the lock-up. We fear that the energetic contraction had become entangled in red tape. If so we ask in the name of the suffering humanity chained to a log that the tangle be cut asunder to keep pace with the wants and needs of this gold field.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 2, 25 February 1871
MARCH 1871________________________
Improvements are still the order of the day, buildings springing up in every direction. Tarrant’s stylish, spacious and snug Tattersall's Hotel opens today under the management of Mr. Edgar Campbell, who having recently joined the United Order of Benedict's will create a reputation for “Tatts” in keeping with the name. Booth and Co. have finished their large establishment and open today. We believe with a superb stock of soft goods in every line. They have also a tailoring department under the super intendance of an artist in clothing the human form divine. In keeping with the epidemic of improvements now raging, Mr. Young of the ‘Gulgong Stores’ is about making very extensive alterations to his premises that will completely transpose them, and in order to facilitate their completion he intends to have a ‘great clearing sale’.
A new firm of Auctioneers and Stock Agents are erecting commodious premises in Herbert Street and from the known business capacity of Messrs. McDonnell and Ferrie we doubt not they will receive a fair share of public patronage. W. Newell & Co. have started business as Auctioneers &c
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 6, 25 March 1871
JUNE 1871________________________
Improvements are still the order of the day. In Herbert Street, Matthews and Frost have opened a well stocked Iron Store with a very neat front. Mr. Samper is also building a large store next to McDonnell and Ferrie’s Produce Store. Booth & Co. in Queen Street.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 16, 3 June 1871
We are happy to announce that the newly erected Commissioner's office on the Camp reserve will probably be ready next week for business, putting an end to the ‘little window’ grievance.
H. Booth & Co’s new stores are rapidly approaching completion, and will soon be filled with a great assortment of goods, and promises to be the attraction in Queen Street. The bark humpy which disfigures the adjoining allotment is to be pulled down and will be replaced by a first class hotel, and when the Bank opposite does build, the block will astound visitors. Amongst other improvements is the new plate glass front to Mr. Doherty’s boot and shoe shop, where the good humoured proprietor may always be found as Josh Billings says of the mosquito, ‘singing as he toils’.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 19, 24 June 1871
JULY 1871________________________
Business sites in first-class positions cannot be had, as they are all taken up. Herbert Street sites are run upon, being the widest street in Gulgong.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 20, 1 July 1871
Within the past fortnight there has been considerable influx of population on the goldfield, and as a result there has been increased activity in business circles.
Buildings are being erected in every direction with building sites attracting extravagant prices. Prices in
Queen Street vary from £3 to £12 pounds per 1 foot frontage, while in Herbert Street sites are attracting up to £6/6/- per foot.
Amongst the most prominent of the new buildings is the large hotel being erected by Mr. Binder, next to the Oriental Bank. The Oriental Bank, we are also informed is about to erect handsome premises on the site of the bark affair now occupied by their business.
Mr. Whitfield’s restaurant has been sold to Mr. Naughton of the Royal Oak Inn on the Mudgee road, who intends to transform it into a snug public house.
Tippers old store is being fitted up as a Oyster Saloon and Fruit Shop, by Harry Williams, late of Gympie.
The Joint Stock Bank is pulling down their bark abode in Herbert Street and replacing it with a neat building which will be a real ornament on this busy thoroughfare.
In Herbert Street, McCullcoch’s Universal Newsagency and Book Depot next to Barnes Chemist shop is rapidly approaching completion. Next to Langdon’s store, a very large store built for a Sydney Chinese Firm will soon be ready for occupation.
Further along the street, Asher & Co., have opened their store and adjoining them Mr. Benjamin is erecting 2 large stores which will be a prominent addition to this locality. Further along still, Eastmuir & Co, have nearly completed large business premises on the corner of Belmore Street, and even beyond this point of intersection, Herbert Street is being filled in with buildings of a varied of style of architecture.
On the various hills surrounding the town neat private residences are visible, which gives quite a permanent and populous appearance.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 23, 22 July 1871
AUGUST 1871________________________
The desire for building has not yet been satisfied, as new buildings are springing up in every direction, as well as additions being made to existing premises. At the corner of Queen and Medley Streets, Mr. Naughton’s new public house has been commenced and opposite to it Mr. Ward of the Turf Hotel, is pushing on to completion, his monster theatre and concert room, which, when ready for the patronage of the public, will provide for a want much felt, especially since Cogdon’s troupe has been dissolved. Mr. Binder’s ‘Star’ hotel, will be out of action for a few days while Mr. White, completes renovations. The unpretentious building erected for the Australian Joint Stock bank has been taken possession of by Mr. McCulloch’s Universal News Agency and is now open, and is one of Saturday night’s ‘town sights’ on the arrival of the Sydney papers. Every newspaper from the Gulgong Guardian to the ‘Fiji Toma-hawk’ and ‘South Sea Eye-opener,’ can be purchased there. Mr. Clarke, legal representative for Mr. Dunn, Mudgee Solicitor has taken possession of his new offices. Mr. Myers will open his jeweller’s shop in a few days. Mr. Benjamin’s large business, next to Whitton and Co., will soon be ready. Mr. Pericles Medical Hall has been removed further down Herbert Street, a little beyond the intersection of Belmore Street. Dickson and Son are making a large addition to their premises. The Wesleyan body has procured a site in Medley Street, beyond the Catholic Church, on which they intend to erect a place of worship. The addition to the Church of England is completed, and was used for the first time last Sunday. Host Rossiter has made considerable additions to his hotel. Such are the visible signs of the prosperity of Gulgong. We only want a Telegraph Office to complete the list.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 26, 12 August 1871
SEPTEMBER 1871________________________
Gulgong is going ahead in regard to new buildings, and several are going up in Queen Street. There is a peculiarity about our streets architecture, which I think I have alluded to before, and this is particularly observable in Queen Street. Some of the houses stand boldly out in the front, whilst others retire back into the shade. To an old military man looking down the street, this irregularity must bring reminiscences of the ‘awkward squad’. Then there is the difference in height of various building, which will enable people of a curious turn of mind, to look down their neighbour’s chimney. I don’t know how far these improvements are going, but when Gulgong becomes of sufficient importance to have the names of the streets painted up, it would well that when painting the name Queen Street, he could well change the last letter of the first word to an R.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 29, 2 September 1871
Sale of Land in Gulgong — It is advertised in the Government Gazette that on Monday the 25th, 48 town allotments will be sold, as follows; the small allotments at the back of Queen Street between Selff’s and Naughton’s Hotels. The allotments behind those facing Herbert Street on both side of the road from Tarrant’s Hotel to Hall, the Bootmaker and from the AJS Bank to the Albion Hotel; also the allotment adjoining Saunders’ Hotel. The occupants of these allotments should take instant steps to have
them withdrawn from sale, otherwise they maybe sold over their heads. The Progress Committee has brought the matter to the notice of Commissioner Browne who has promised to have the lots withdrawn.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 29, 2 September 1871
Building is still the leading item. Every available foot of frontage in Queen and Herbert streets is being built upon. Mr. Ambrose Kelly has contracted for the erection of a handsome hotel having a 66 feet frontage to Medley street. At the opposite corner Mr. Bernard Naughton’s new hotel is now completed and was opened last Saturday. The Commodious Theatre at the rear of Ward’s Hotel is nearly ready for occupation, and has been leased by Miss Joey Gougenheim for a period, who intends to open it with a well chosen troupe of Sydney performers. A natty fancy goods shop is being erected alongside the ‘Greatest Wonder of the World’ for Mr. Moses. Mr. Harford, of the Golden Age, is putting up a new front which will increase the accommodation of his inn. The Masonic Hall is also showing its out line and will also, doubtless, be an attractive ornamental rendezvous.
Host Tarrant has made and extensive addition to his hotel. Hunter & Co., with their usual enterprise, have erected a really handsome shop at the corner of Herbert and Queen Streets for their boot trade. Mr. RN Collins has opened his galvanised iron and tinwear shop opposite Tarrant’s. His workshop is well worth a visit to inspect the varied labour saving machines newly imported by him from America. The nearly erected stores of Mr. Benjamin have been purchased Mr. Ryan, late landlord of the Shamrock Hotel, who is now having the building transformed into a hotel to be know as Ryan’s Hotel. Many of the hotels are now excavating cellars so as to provide liquors of a palatable temperature, an improvement we are sure will be appreciated. Painters are busy all over the town, and are improving the outward appearance of our architecture.
Population is still growing and we must again utter our warning against the influx. There is nothing to warrant it in anyway. We must strongly condemn the exaggerated accounts of the prospects of this goldfield, furnished to some of the Sydney journals by anonymous correspondents, whose ignorance and untruthfulness leads many persons to fancy their fortune in Gulgong. They come only to find disappointment.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 31, 16 September 1871
Next to the Oriental Bank a cosy office is being erected for Messrs. Plunkett & Co.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 31, 16 September 1871
OCTOBER 1871________________________
Mr. Mathews late of Dubbo has commenced business as a blacksmith and wheelwright next to Woods & Co. Mr. Kelly’s handsome Family Hotel is nearly completed.
We learn that the proprietor of the Star Hotel, Mr. Binder, is about retiring from business, having leased the hotel for a term to Mr. S. E. Tuckerman, the popular host of the Belmore Hotel in Mudgee. The pioneer theatre of the goldfield, Cogden’s Assembly Room, has disappeared. It will soon reappear in a
more suitable shape. The new theatre will be nearly three times as large, lofty, and comfortably fitted out, and we hope that the ‘smoking nuisance’ will be restricted to decent limits.
Turning down Herbert Street Mr. Cameron from Forbes has erected a two story building adjoining Hunter’s Boot Shop to be known as the Crystal Fountain. Next to the Crystal Fountain will be a chemist shop in keeping with the handsomely fitted tobacconists shop, newly opened by Sippel Brothers. Dr. Belinfante has ensconced himself in cosy premises at the rear of the Joint Stock Bank, while the manager is on holidays in the Metropolis.
Mr. Samper is transforming the store formerly occupied by McDonnald & Ferrie, into what, judging from appearances, will be a first class hotel. Beyond Belmore Street a number of buildings are being erected, no less than five being public houses. The camp reserve is being fenced in and tenders for the Court House have been accepted. The hospital will be finished in a week but there are no funds to furnish it.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 37, 28 October 1871
During the past few weeks we have heard it repeatedly asserted that Gulgong was on the decline; But any person who will perambulate the town cannot but be surprised at the number of new buildings that are being erected, the costly improvements that are being carried out carried out in old buildings. Commencing at Queen Street west, we find Woods and Co., of the Sydney House, have erected a large show room, opposite, Host McCubbin is effecting a complete transformation of the Victoria Hotel - inwardly and outwardly.
Business Allotments - Mr. Commissioner Browne has notified that about 70 applications to purchase improved business allotments have been approved.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 37, 28 October 1871
More Town Talk - Beyond Belmore Street, a number of buildings are being run up, no less than 5 being for publics, which, judging from the propensities of those who build, must be a fortune-making business.
The Camp Reserve is being fenced in, and, with tenders for the Court House accepted, and the house to be used as a Telegraph Office being built in Sydney, the town will soon have all the gaps filled in, and have a solid, substantial appearance.
Judging from the foregoing improvements there is no diminution in the building mania, which affords substantial proof that the inhabitants believe in the future of Gulgong being both prosperous and permanent.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 37, 28 October 1871
NOVEMBER 1871________________________
Masonic Hall forms the upper story of the elegant hotel, recently erected by Mr. Selff, at the corner of Herbert and Queen streets, and is of so ample dimensions that all who attend will be certain of roomy accommodation.
1872__________________________________________
MARCH 1872________________________
Court House Improvements - Plans have been received from the Colonial Architects Office detailing the improvements proposed to be carried out in and about the Court House. Externally a verandah the full length of both sides, filled up to the level and gravelled. Internally a railed off portion to contain a dock, witness box, desk for CPS, and a table for professional gentlemen, with suitable seats. No provision for the Press, which is common in most Court houses. The roof is to have 6 ventilators.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 57, 2 March 1872
SEPTEMBER 1872________________________
New Buildings - A strong proof of the confidence felt in the perma-nence of the town of Gulgong, is afforded by the number of new buildings that a now being erected. During the past couple of months quite a stir has been made in this direction. The Presbyterian Church, a very handsome little building, is now almost completed, and will be formally consecrated to Divine worship upon the 20th of next month. In every way it reflects credit upon the denomination to which it belongs. Mr C. Young's new store in Queen Street is rapidly progressing, and when finished will improve the appearance of that end of Queen Street in which it is situated. The new Temperance Hall in Herbert Street is now externally completed, we believe it will be a great convenience to the body for whose use it has been specially erected. Mr C. L. Morris, well-known auctioneer, has completed improvements in his commodious sale-yards, situated at the rear of Wesley's Golden Fleece Hotel, which a now admirably adapted to meet the requirements of his extensive business. A very neat surgery has been erected by Dr Pericles in Herbert Street. Mr C. Lamrock is putting up a new hotel in the vicinity of the Red Hill, which will soon become a hive of busy industry, now that the rich quartz reefs on it are being systematically worked. Mr Joseph is erecting to new shops in Queen Street. Several other new buildings are being vigorously pushed on to completion, and the erection of others is in contemplation. In the face of facts like those, who can have the hardihood to deny that Gulgong is quickly establishing its claim to be considered one of the leading towns of New South Wales.
We have almost forgot to say that the long delayed but anxiously desired improvements in the Court House are now, we are glad to say - thanks to the energy displayed by Mr W. J. White, the local veteran builder - rapidly approaching completion. Externally, the sides have been banked up and graveled; the huge openings in the slabs and windows, which admitted a current of air strong enough to propel a three mastered ship, have now been nearly all closed; the verandahs around the entire building are in a very forward state, and the ground work is ready for a large tank. Internally, the Bench has been made comfortable; a convenient desk for the use of the C.P.S. has been introduced, together with a witness box, and comfortable seats for witnesses; and lastly, a monster prisoners cage - constructed, for some reason that is inexplicable to us, on the model of the cages used in a menagerie to confine wild animals - finishes the list of improvements. Great credit is due to the builder for the manner in which the work has been carried out.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 116, 25 September 1872
Street Metalling - We are glad to see that the very necessary work of metalling the two principal streets is now being performed. Both Queen and Herbert streets are now metalled in the centre for some distance, and several ugly holes have been filled up. This was much required both for the convenience of pedestrians and to support the heavy traffic passing over them. The sidewalks however, also require a similar coating, especially in wet and soggy weather; but considering the reluctance the Government have always exhibited in voting money for public works on Gulgong, we must learn to be grateful for the most infinitesimal grants from the Colonial Treasurer.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 116, 25 September 1872
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 116, 25 September 1872
OCTOBER 1872________________________
There are many outward and visible signs of a permanent improvements now being carried out in the principal streets.
Mr. C. Young of Queen Street is erecting a large and handsome store on the site of his old one. The new building will be commodious as well as ornamental and will cost about £1,000, a proof that Mr. Young believes in the permanency of the field.
O’Neill Bros. have also improved our street architecture by the erection of a handsome shop adjoining their own, which will be occupied as a tailoring establishment by Smith and Co.
Mrs. Williams of ‘supper’ fame has created a magical change in her premises. Her restaurant and supper rooms are now the coziest and most attractive we have seen on the goldfield for years, where a plate of bi-valves fresh from the briny can be enjoyed at prices to suit the times.
Mr. Rodgers has just completed two handsome shops in Queen Street adjoining Kelly’s Hotel, thus filling in this unsightly gap.
In Herbert Street the new premises of the A.J.S. Bank, opposite the camp reserve are progressing and will be a great improvement on the building now used to carry on the large business of the branch.
A residence for the minister is being built on the Congregational Church reserve and will be a creditable specimen of cottage architecture.
In the suburbs we notice that many gardens have been made and some laid out with considerable taste, a sign that the owners intend to make a stay on Gulgong.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 121, 12 October 1872
MARCH 1873________________________
The [Turf] Club contemplate building a stand and erecting a saddling paddock, two improvements that will be appreciated by the public. The stand if seated comfortably and covered in, will we are sure be largely patronised and prove a profitable investment.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 162, 5 March 1873
JUNE 1873________________________
Repairs to our Streets - In answer to the application of the Commissioner we understand £200 has been granted for the repairing and improvements to our streets. Both east and west Queen Street are in a frightful state, and also the lower end of Herbert Street, and the lane running alongside of Tarrant’s Tattersall’s Hotel to Chapel Street. People have to plough through the mud, ankle deep at either of the above-named places in the wet weather.
We think trustees should be appointed to keep the streets in repair and tenders should be called for and operations commenced at once and so prevent the Gulgongites from suffering any longer for such a disgrace.
Source: Gulgong Guardian, Issue No 191, 14 June 1873
APRIL 1874________________________
The Hospital improvements are in progress at this institution. The balcony was very unsafe before, but has been entirely renovated during the last two or three weeks. A bath room has been erected at the end of the verandah which will much conduce to the comfort and relief of the patients.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 9 April 1874
Since we wrote last on town improvements, great advances have been made by the spontaneous action of the energetic inhabitants without any aid whatever from the public treasury. First there are the extensive alterations in the architecture of the hospital; next comes Scully’s machine at full work at the lowest prices; again we have White and McCulloch new chemist shop [Home Rule?]—an ornament of the town and is a sure indication of growing prosperity; then we have Tuxford’s large produce store, crammed with goods and in full work; Kirkpatrick’s shop adjoining the Post Office; Hill’s Hotel, entirely refitted and furnished with a first class billiard room and bar; Wesley’s Hotel, undergoing renovations; Young and Jones launch out into new lines of business in their extensive premises in Queen Street; the alterations effected by Mr. Scully in the hotel lately occupied by Mr. Dillon; and the fine cottages that are everywhere springing up in the suburbs. Two very neat private residences here have been erected by prosperous miners near Binder’s at the foot of Jones’s Hill; and the neat cottage of Mr. Farr’s is undergoing most extensive alterations. These are not mere brick chimney, or papering, or whitewashing improvements but substantial and expensive alterations, which change the whole aspect of the town for the better and establish in character for stability and permanency. We want now a mill, a District Court, a bridge over Reedy Creek at Martins’ Crossing, a substantial vote for the repair of our main roads and a municipality; and with that, we can rival the best country towns of an equal extent of populations, in wealth, position and importance.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 18 April 1874
MAY 1874________________________
Editorial - To improve the approaches to a town is the duty of every person who owns property in such towns owes to himself and his fellow citizens. Such improvements are very materially to the value of all kinds of property and lessen the cost of the necessary products of human comfort and convenience. The inhabitants of Gulgong have, during the past three years suffered to a very great extent from such causes and in view of a prospect of having the evils complained of remedied a few remarks the subject will no doubt be acceptable to our readers. It has been determined by the Government to expend money upon the road between and the route by the way of Home Rule has been fixed upon. This will no doubt be the most beneficial to the greatest number of the people as at present distributed throughout the district but it should be constantly borne in mind that in mining communities the bulk of the population is liable at any moment to change and therefore so far as appropriations are made for such improvements it should be done with the view, so far as possible to benefit the ultimate and permanent settlement of the country.
No such work should be made merely for the purposed of benefiting or advancing the interest of any single person. No doubt there has been great favouritism shown to certain communities. But we contend that regard should be had to communities like Gulgong which during the past three years have contributed more to the public revenue and produced more wealth than a dozen places like Orange. Our rich mines have attracted tens of thousands of persons from other colonies and from beyond seas. They have brought hither not only creators of wealth but consumers of dutiable goods and the consequence has been the general enrichment of the colony and progress in arts, commerce and agriculture. Even the pastoral tenants of the Crown have been advanced to a degree of prosperity never before attained.
Really then it is not unreasonable to demand some substantial acknowledgment from the Government in aid of the improvements required. The sum of 800 pounds to be expended in improving the road between Gulgong and Mudgee certainly seems paltry. The distance is about 20 miles and through a most difficult part of the country.
We trust however the money will be faithfully expended and that the improvements made will be of the most durable character possible under the circumstances. The expenditure of this small sum in a district that produces so much gold will have no effect on business generally but will furnish employment to a few and benefit those who have stores and public houses in the neighbourhoods where the work is performed. It also appears that there is money in the Government Treasury available for repairing the road by the Green Swamp route. This is considerably near and is the road usually traversed by those who have no business to transact at intermediate places.
We thrust that those who have interests at stake on this route will take active measures to draw this money also and see that it is judiciously expended. Our township should bear constantly in mind that all improvements of this nature are beneficial to their own interests and will tend to enlarge trade, induce settlement and cultivation of the land, and enhance the comfort and inhabitants of the town and district.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 14 May 1874
OCTOBER 1874________________________
‘What do We Want’ We want a good road to Mudgee, via Home Rule, with a bridge over the Pipe Clay; a bridge over Reedy Creek at Martin’s Crossing with a good road to it from Gulgong; a town common of about 500 acres near Lyon’s selection, where the ground has been proved unpayable for mining purposes; a grant in aid of the water supply; a municipality; the opening up of the land in blocks not exceeding 40 acres, extent to free settlers where the ground has been non-productive to miners after careful prosecting; a fire brigade; an abatement of dog nuisance; a good road to Canadian and the auriferous paddocks in the vicinity; a good road to the new rush at Tallawang, through Old Tallawang; the stumping and levelling of the gutters of our thoroughfares; a shortening of the contractors time on the mail road between Wallerawang and Mudgee by 2 to 3 hours; cemetery improvements; a mill; the planting of trees to promote the public health; a land agency, a District Court; greater punctuality of the opening of the Court; the appointment of additional Justices of the Peace; the separation of the offices of the Warden and Police Magistrates; new leads; and greater enthusiasm on the part of the people in advancing their own interests.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 3 October 1874
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 3 October 1874
Gross Misconduct. The cemetery is looking great from the improvements of the tree planting and soon the place will be an attractive resort for the people of the town. But there are Goths and Vandals amongst us, who have no respect for the feelings of the living or for the memory of the dead. And some of these have been trespassing upon the cemetery grounds. On Thursday evening some bullocks and horses were deliberately farmed into the enclosure after the workmen had left and their tracks are observable all over the beds and the marks of their nibbling of the shrubs which they have spoiled or destroyed. In the morning they were taken out before the workmen arrived and the tracks of a horseman who drove the cattle out are visible also on all the flower beds. It is a pity that the rascally scoundrel who was guilty of this mean act of destruction should escape punishment.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 31 October 1874
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 31 October 1874
DECEMBER 1874________________________
We notice with pleasure that some of our townsmen who have faith in the stability of Gulgong are now using bricks as material for building purposes. In upper Medley Street, on the road to the cemetery, Mark Smith has erected a neat brick cottage and we understand that it is his intention to build an addition to it of the same material. John Scully, too, has used bricks for the walls of a portion of his buildings connected with the new hotel in Queen Street East. Brick walls give an air of permanence to a town and in the end are cheaper that wood, besides being much warmer in winter and cooler in summer. These bricks are made on the banks of Reedy Creek where there is abundance of superior clay and sand, and of course they are excellent ones.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 8 December 1874
JANUARY 1875________________________
[Hospital] improvements, the verandah has been enlarged, the reserve fenced in, bath room added, but there remains room for improvement. The beds are too small, especially in the treatment of fractures. Several operations had been performed, including the excision of a foot and an amputation of an arm. The wardsman is unsuitable as he can neither read or write and no record has been kept of patients, this was reported some months previously.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 19 January 1875
FEBRUARY 1875________________________
Government Land Sale - The following Gulgong town allotments are advertised to be sold by auction at a Government land sale to be held in Mudgee on 26th February. These lots were applied for in virtue of improvements by the persons respectively named, but forfeited through non-payment of appraised value. The upset price is 8 pounds per acre:--
Allotment 4, section 1, 24 perches, J H Cogden;Allotment 7, section 1, 1 rood, T Saunders;Allotment 8, section 1, 20 perches, T Saunders;Allotment 11a, section 3, 10 ¾ perches, G A Davis;Allotment 5a, section 4, 8 perches, J Redmond;Allotment 2a, section 7, 13 perches, C E Whicker;Allotment 2, section 10, 16 perches, Robert Stewart;Allotment 3b,section 10, 11 perches, P Hogan;Allotment 4a, section 11, 15 perches, E Tarrant;Allotment 4a, section 16, 24 ¾ perches, G Tunks;Allotment 5b, section 17, 17 perches, W Johnson;Allotment 8, section 16, 24 ½ perches, E Bunker;Allotment 11, section 16, 16 perches W A Smith;Allotment 12, section 16, 36 ½ perches, W A Smith;Allotment 15a, section 16, 18 ½ perches, T McBrien;Allotment 19 section 16, 12 perches, G L Keighan;Allotment 20, section 16, 19 perches, J H Murray.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 2 February 1875
Gold Statistics of Gulgong for 1874 - We doubt not the following statistics of the quantity of gold forwarded by escort from Gulgong during 1874 together with the yield for 1872 and 1873 as a comparison will prove interesting to our readers. On reference to the figures it will be seen that this years yield is much below that of 1873 and very little more that one half of that of 1872. The decrease is a matter for serious consideration of all interested in the prosperity of the goldfields, especially business men who have gone in heavy for permanent and expensive improvements. There is much that could be done by this section of our population in aiding the resources of the goldfield but unfortunately our business men apart from the management of their business concerns, have not shown the desire to initiate of support liberally any movement or ‘spec’ having for its object the thorough testing of the hitherto unexplored portions of this vast goldfield. We hope our statistics will result in a ‘change coming’ o’er the spirit of their dream’ ore it is too late.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 2 February 1875
APRIL 1875________________________
Taking up Land - We are informed that application for the purchase of land upon this goldfield—outside the town boundary—on account of improvements are being made. The area, only two acres, is small but it is better than having no land to cultivate. The soil is very productive and a great deal can be grown upon two acres. No doubt efforts will be successful in opening more extensive areas and parties will become more substantially attached to the soil and the district. They will by this means surround themselves with greater comforts.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 24 April 1875
MAY 1875__________________________
Town Improvements amongst other improvements now being effected in the town are those upon the building formerly known as the Hotel de France, in Queen Street. These premises have been secured by Mr Charles Bird, Chemist and Druggist, and are now being remodelled and thoroughly repaired. What was formerly the bar is being elegantly fitted up as the dispensary room. The sitting room opposite will be appropriated to the use of the surgeon as consulting room. The large room at the back of the dispensary is to be a storehouse for goods in bulk. The upper storey will form a fine residence for Mr Bird’s family. When finished, this will be one of the most elegant and complete chemist shops and medical establishments outside of Sydney and a great improvement to Queen Street.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 22 May 1875
JUNE 1875__________________________
The allotments at the corner of Little Bayley and Medley Streets are now being enclosed with substantial fences, with a view to cultivation. When the fencing is completed and the ground is brought under other improvements, that portion of the town will be much more pleasant. Situated as it is near the slope of the Church reserve and under the slope leading down from the hospital the improvements will be grateful to many.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 10 June 1875
Court House - This buildings sadly out of joint and one of the most uncomfortable places imaginable. When erected the timber was green, and having shrunk and warped, it is impossible to close the windows, so that, in effect the Court is held in open air. There is a small fire place in one corner, but, so far as affording any warmth to the room, it is useless. Repairs are sadly needed, and there should be a large stove placed somewhere near the centre of the room. We are surprised at the neglect manifested and trust that some improvements will soon be made.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 10 June 1875
JULY 1875__________________________
It is gratifying to witness improvements being effected in different parts of the town. The narrow street running past Mr Dennis’ Tattersall and the Robert Burns Hotel are being thoroughly repaired and gravelled. Drains have also been cut to carry off the rain water. In a sanatory [sic] point of view, this is a great improvement. Under a municipality these works would be more systematically carried forward.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 1 July 1875
Gulgong Land Sale - The following town allotments will be sold by auction. These allotments were applied for by the following persons but forfeited through non-payment of the appraised value:
G Bradshaw allotment 9, section 21;
J A Jones allotment 1, section 24;T H Gibson allotment 2 section 24;T Brickerdike allotment 5 section 24;P Greaves, allotment 6 section 24;J A Jones, allotment 7, section 24;J Laurant allotment 1 section 25;D Symes, allotment 1 section 25;M Derwin allotment 6 section 36.
The upset price is 8 pounds per acre. Most of these allotments are at the lower end of Queen Street, at the head of Adam’s Lead, and were applied for four years ago and had the Government approved the applications they would have now constituted a nice part of town. At the time there were five cottages and other buildings standing on the allotments and the applicants desire to make improvements. Disgusted at the delays of the lands Office, they left and went else where. The allotments are now vacant and worthless.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 6 July 1875
The Cemetery - A visit to the cemetery assures us of the fact that important improvements are being made, particularly to the portion set apart for the burial of our Roman Catholic friends. A walk about four feet wide, has been made and nicely gravelled along the four sides, and two wider walks, about ten broad, through the centre, crossing each other at right angles. Excavations for planting one hundred and thirty trees and shrubs are already been made, at about one rod apart all around. These are to be planted at once, and in the course of a year or two when the trees and shrubs are well rooted and vigorously growing, that portion of the cemetery will, at least be a delightful spot. We hope to see this example followed by each of the other dominations. We also notice that, since our former visit an improvement has been effected in the main walks, by pruning the plants, trees and flowers and pulling away the weeds. While upon the subject, we may state it is our opinion that no trees more beautiful or appropriate for the ornamenting of cemeteries and streets can be found that the kurrajong and the silver wattle. These trees when transplanted and cared for, grow rapidly. The wattle, in the flowering season emits a sweet odour, and its branches are the favourite resort of sweet singing birds. They are indigenous to the soil and require much less care than trees of foreign growth. Our native wattle is a variety of the acacia and to our taste much finer ornamental than the variety brought from the Mediterranean, and cultivated with so much care in various parts of the colony. There is also another matter that may well be considered in connection with this subject, and this is the cost. The trees we speak of are easily procured in the bush and can be obtained with very little expense.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 24 July 1875
AUGUST 1875__________________________
Town and District of Gulgong - For more that twenty four years the fact has been known to some, that this district contained rich golden deposits. It was formerly apportioned of into large blocks as sheep and cattle runs, being most favourably situated for pastoral pursuits. The Messrs Rouse of Guntawang and Biraganbil, were the pioneers of this section and exhibited much foresight in selecting these runs which now rank amongst the richest estates in this colony. The stations are situated only about five miles from Gulgong, and great pains and expenses have been devoted to improvements. These have not been confined to the breeding of stock but extended to horticulture and agriculture; and it is well worth a visit to witness rare trees, shrubs and flowers that have been accumulated. A moderate size river, affording abundant irrigation, runs through these properties. There are other properties, owned by these gentlemen of taste and culture, adjoining those mentioned. We believe that some of these gentlemen own estates of freehold land of at least thirty thousand acres, and some of Crown grants but most is purchased, at the rate of one pound per acre. The dwellings are mostly of a costly description and a considerable architectural description display is exhibited.
Agriculture - The town is surrounded by agricultural areas, taken up under the Land Act of 1861. Upon most of these selections vines and fruit trees have been planted, and produce luxuriant crops; but these industries do not appear to have reached the state of perfection seen in some parts of the world. It is evident however, from the supply brought into market and the quality of fruit in the land is as good as any part of the colony. It is not unusual to see crops of wheat that yield forty-five bushels of the acre, and maize seventy bushels, and other valuable crops in proportion. Constant with most of these farms are dairies and from the sale of butter, cheese and milk the selectors have derived material advantages, particularly since the influx of population occasioned by the discovery of rich leads, as there has been a constant demand for these articles at remunerative prices.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 7 August 1875
Notwithstanding the seeming depression in mining and general business there have been many improvements made in the town that deserve mention. Commencing at the easterly end of Queen Street we may notice the new house presently erected by John Scully. There is also to be a store in the same block. The inside and outside is more elaborate and we should think more expensive than any building before built in the town. The new store is 36 feet long and 20 feet wide. The Inn proportion is 36 feet. by 32 feet and altogether there are twelve rooms beside the bar. The outside walls are of brick and the inside plastered by Mr. Waine. The materials that have been used are of the best description and the work has been done in a manner that reflects a high degree of credit upon the workmen employed. The whole of the woodwork was done by Mr. Henry Bennett and James Beattie. Mr. Henry Rogers has done the painting. The rooms are lighted by skylights from the roof and the doors and other furnishing of cedar and pine. The whole length of the block is 85 feet. Directly opposite are Mr. C.R. Young’s extensive wholesale and retail stores, which have recently been much improved by paint and ornamentation. This building will also be a credit to any city or town in the colony. The work was done by Mr. J. Osborne. Immediately above the Warburton Hotel, Messrs. Driscoll and Redmans has also been greatly improved, the interior being lined. The material used is the beautifully grained native pine and much …….. displayed in selection and work. At the Albion, Mr. Hunter continues to improve his premises and has recently made an important addition on the side fronting Herbert Street and also by putting up a new and capacious stable in the rear. The Oriental Bank has been newly painted and its appearance much improved. Opposite the bank and upon the site of the former “Greatest Wonder of the World” store recently purchased by Mr. Robert Robinson, the material for a new building has already been placed upon the ground. The walls are to be of stone and the front of brick and when finished will add much interest to the appearance of that part of the street. The contractor for the material and masonry is Mr. Mark Smith and we learn the whole will be finished in the course of a month. O’Neill Bros. have made very extensive alterations and additions to their establishment and it is now one of the most complete of its kind to be found in any part of the interior of the colony. Medley Street South has been made to appear a great deal better. The Warden’s office has been removed into the camp reserve and re-erected and now presents a good appearance. There are two entrances to the room, one from the court house side and one from Medley St. There are four rooms with a chimney in the centre, and fireplaces in the principal rooms. The rooms have been arranged in such a manner that the public and offices will have superior accommodation. There is a verandah fronting Medley Street and gravel has been laid so that if some little alteration is made in the fence, the change will be complete. The work has been done by contract and is creditable to the contractors Messrs. W.T. Lewis and Mark Smith, as well as to the government who ordered it. Down Herbert St. the old iron store formerly occupied by Mr. Moses, Wine and Spirit Merchant, has been taken down and removed. There have been many improvements made upon the allotments of individuals in almost every part of the town, by the erection of additional buildings, fencing and planting trees and flowers. The streets generally have been improved by parties owning properties having their walks gravelled. All these circumstances and many others that we have not room to mention today, will indicate what is being done and encourage others to proceed with similar works.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 12 August 1875
SEPTEMBER 1875__________________________
Country Improvements - We understand a petition had been forwarded through Mr Gould, the member for Mudgee, praying for the sum of money granted for the improvement of the road between Gulgong and the Canadian, particularly that portion lying between Mr Stott’s and Mr Smith’s fence, which is almost impassable in either wet or fine weather.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 22 September 1875
JANUARY 1876__________________________
Lease and Fixtures of the All Nations Hotel - Corner of Herbert and Queen Streets - the position of the Hotel is well known being the best situated in the town. The house has lately undergone considerable improvements.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 5 January 1876
FEBRUARY 1876__________________________
Land Sale - There are two lots situated in Gulgong Village to be offered:
Allotment 1a of section 3, 21 ½perches;Allotment 11a of section 17, 8 ¾ perches.
These were applied for in virtue of improvements and forfeited through non-payment of appraised value, the former by B Naughton and the later by W J Hopley.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 5 February 1876
JUNE 1876__________________________
Sign of the times - At the establishment of Messrs Woods Bros. & Co, Queen Street, extensive alteration and improvements are being made in the shape of new work, show and fitting rooms. Several sewing machines will be constantly going and orders for all kinds of work will be received and executed in an artistic manner, under the superintendence of Mrs McDowell, Millinery, dress and mantle making of the most fashionable designs can now be turned by Woods Bros and Co in a few hours and at a price that no metropolitan house can approach.
Source: Gulgong Evening Argus, 14 June 1876
